577例围产儿出生缺陷与产妇年龄构成关系及转归情况分析

Analysis of the relationship between 577 cases of perinatal birth defects and maternal age and their outcomes

目的:分析包河区围产儿出生缺陷的发生与产妇年龄构成的关系及缺陷儿转归情况,探讨出生缺陷的防治问题。方法:收集包河区53250例围产儿出生缺陷监测资料,对各年龄组产妇出生缺陷的发生及围产儿转归情况进行统计分析。结果:出生缺陷发生率为10.84‰(577/53250);低龄产妇、适龄产妇及高龄产妇出生缺陷发生率分别为19.23‰、10.41‰和13.45‰,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.03);高龄产妇出生缺陷的发生率高于适龄产妇,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与2020年相比,死胎、死产构成比明显下降,存活构成比明显上升(P<0.001)。结论:低龄和高龄产妇所生围产儿出生缺陷发生率比较高。应加大健康教育力度,倡导选择优生年龄段生育,加强围孕期和围产期保健服务,减少出生缺陷的发生,改善缺陷围产儿的转归结局。

Objective:To analyze the relationship between perinatal birth defects and maternal age and their outcomes in the district of Baohe,and to explore the prevention and treatment of birth defects.Methods:Collecting monitoring data of 53250 perinatal infants in the district of Baohe.Statistical analysis is made on the birth defects and their outcomes of pregnant women in various age groups.Results:577 of 53250 perinatal infants had defects.The incidence of defective infants is 10.84‰.The incidence of birth defects in low age pregnant women,school-age pregnant women and elderly pregnant women are 19.23‰,10.41‰and 13.45‰respectively;The differences were statistically significant(χ2=7.084,P=0.03);the incidence of birth defects in elderly pregnant women is higher than that in school-age pregnant women,The differences were statistically significant(χ2=5.044,P<0.05).Compared with 2020,The proportion of dead fetus and stillbirth decreased significantly.The survival composition ratio increased significantly(P<0.001).Conclusion:The incidence of perinatal birth defects in low age pregnant women and elderly pregnant women is relatively high.Health education should be strengthened,advocate choosing the age group of eugenics for childbearing,strengthen pregnant women perinatal period and prenatal period health services,reduce the incidence of birth defects,improve the outcome of defective perinatal infants.