超声处理对减压渣油结构组成的影响

Effect of ultrasonic treatment on the compositions and structures of vacuum residue

以沙特减压渣油为原料,考察了超声波处理对渣油四组分及其结构组成的影响。结果表明:随超声时间增加,饱和分含量先降低后升高,芳香分和胶质含量均先升高后降低,沥青质含量明显减少;20 min是较优的超声处理时间,此时饱和分含量降低了2.86百分点,芳香分和胶质含量分别增加了4.25,3.30百分点,沥青质含量降低了约5百分点。对四组分进行了模拟蒸馏,结合结构参数计算分析发现,超声处理可使少量沥青质发生裂解反应,部分饱和分和沥青质断裂生成的小结构分子被吸附于芳香分和胶质中,但随着超声时间增加,芳香分和胶质发生脱附。超声处理过程中,胶质也可以发生断裂反应,实现重质组分向轻质组分的转化。

The effect of ultrasonic treatment on the four components and structures of residue was investigated using Saudi vacuum residue in this paper.The results show that with the increasing of ultrasonic time,the content of saturate decreases first and then increases,the content of aromatic and resin increases first and then decreases,and the content of asphaltene decreases significantly.The optimal ultrasonic treatment time is 20 min.At this time,the saturate content decreases by 2.86 percent points,the aromatic content and resin content increase by 4.25 and 3.30 percent points respectively,and the asphaltene content decreases by about 5 percent points.Through simulated distillation and structural parameters analysis of four groups,it is found that ultrasonic treatment can cause asphaltene cracked,partial saturate and asphaltene fragment are adsorbed in aromatic and resin.But with the increasing of ultrasonic time,the adsorbed components desorbed from aromatic and resin.The resin can also cracked by ultrasonic treatment,which transformed the heavy components to light components.