集成AHP/QFD/FBS的老年洗浴辅助设备创新设计及评价

Innovative Design and Evaluation of Elderly Bathing Auxiliary Equipment Based on the AHP/QFD/FBS Integration Method

为满足老年用户安全独立的洗浴行为需求,借助AHP-QFD-FBS集成法(层次分析法AHP、质量功能展开QFD和FBS)辅助整个设计,研究设计出面向养老机构、针对介助型老年群体的老年洗浴辅助设备。本研究首先通过用户访谈确定并归纳用户需求,利用AHP(层次分析法,Analytic Hierarchy Process)模型计算用户需求权重;其次利用QFD(质量功能展开,Quality Function Deployment)根据需求优先级分析并量化质量特性;最后构建用户旅程图分析用户预期行为,质量特性作为“功能”进行FBS(Function-Behavior-Structure)的“功能-行为-结构”映射,得出老年洗浴辅助设备的重要设计结构。设计出方便介助型老人移动并能实现多种洗浴方式和智能配置的洗浴设备,经过模糊综合评价验证了设计方案的可行性。结果表明:集成AHP-QFD-FBS模型的产品设计方法可以有效地挖掘符合用户需求的关键设计结构,验证了其在解决类似设计问题上的可能性。

In order to meet the needs of elderly users for safe and independent bathing behavior, the AHP-QFD-FBS integration method is used to assist the whole design, and the elderly bathing auxiliary equipment for pension institutions and elderly groups is designed. This study first determines and summarizes user needs through user interviews, and uses the AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) model to calculate the weight of user needs. Secondly, the QFD(Quality Function Depl oyment) is used to analyze and quantify quality characteristics according to demand priority. Finally, the user travel chart is constructed to analyze the users’ expected behavior. The quality characteristics are used as “function” to map the “function-behavior-structure” of FBS(FunctionBehavior-Structure), and the important design structure of the elderly bathing auxiliary equipment is obtained. In this study, a bathing equipment with multiple bathing methods and intelligent configuration is designed to facilitate the elderly in need of help. The feasibility of the design scheme is verified by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The results show that the product design method integrated with AHP-QFD-FBS model can effectively mine the key design structure that meets user needs, and verify its feasibility in solving similar design problems.