协同视角下我国新就业形态公共就业服务影响因素研究

Research on the Influencing Factors of Public Employment Service in China’s New Forms of Employment from the Perspective of Synergy

党中央、国务院高度重视新就业形态发展情况,2021年两会工作报告提出,“支持和规范发展新就业形态”。为开拓新就业形态就业服务工作新局面,探索解决新就业形态就业服务工作面临的体制性障碍、机制性梗阻、政策性创新等问题,促进新就业形态公共就业服务进一步契合新就业形态劳动者特征与需求,本研究通过调研重点省份新就业形态公共就业服务政策落实情况,231家县级公共就业服务机构、4家平台企业和1151名从业人员,总结新就业形态就业服务工作现状,引入协同学理论研究方法分析当前新就业形态就业服务存在的问题和短板,并提出就业服务助力新就业形态长远发展的针对性建议。调查研究发现:现有支持新就业形态发展的相关政策具有覆盖范围较大、发展重点聚焦、推进试点先行等特征。同时,也面临公共就业服务机构服务供给不足,平台企业未能享受就业政策红利,新就业形态劳动者参加培训积极性不高等问题。建议摸清企业从业人员底数,加大服务力度;加快转变服务基本理念,增强服务意识;提高培训服务精准程度,匹配服务需求。

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach high importance to the development of new forms of employment(NFE).The Work Report in the 2021 NPC and CPPCC indicated that the development of NFE will be supported and standardized.In order to create a new situation in the employment service of NFE,explore and solve the problems such as institutional barriers,institutional obstacles,policy innovation,etc.,and promote the public employment service of NEF so as to adapt to the changing demands and circumtances for workers in NFE,as well as based on investigation results in the implementation of policies on public employment service of NFE in some targeted provinces involving 231 public employment service institutions at county-level,four platforms,and 1151 employees,this study summarized the current situation of employment services in the NFE,introduced synergetic theory research methods to analyze the problems and weaknesses of employment services in the NFE,and put forward specific recommendations targeting employment-services-driven longterm development of the NFE.It is found that relevant policies supporting the development of NFE have such characteristics as wide coverage,focusing on key issues in the development,and conducting pilot projects in advance before scaling out.At the same time,there exist some issues faced in terms of insufficient services delivered by the public employment service institutions,platform enterprises failing to get the benefits deriving from the employment policy,and the lack of enthusiasm of NFE workers in participation of trainings.Therefore,it is recommended that the exact number of employees involved in the platforms should be collected while strengthing service delivery;the old concept on service delivery should be changed while raising the awareness of service;trainings based on what is exactly needed in practice should be provided so as to meet the demands of the services.