试析彝族口传医经的文化义涵

The Cultural Implication of Yi People's Oral Medical Scriptures

民族医学不同于生物医学,其关注的是社会文化模式下的健康、疾病、痛苦、医药及民间医疗、仪式治疗、病患文化信仰等。彝族医药是民族医学的组成部分。彝族人在与疾病的长期斗争中创造了自成体系的彝医彝药。彝族传统医药主要由地方性知识的集大成者毕摩掌握。毕摩是灵魂医者与健康医师,用文字和口头记录了彝族医药及其文化意义。毕摩口传医经呈现为自然(医药)和文化(信仰)两种属性。解析、探索彝族口传医经的医药属性、医药与文化及其内在逻辑,对研究彝族医药及其背后的深层文化结构、信仰现象具有重要意义。

Ethnic medicine is different from biomedicine.It focuses on health,disease,pain,medicine and folk medical treatment,ritual treatment,patients'cultural beliefs and so on.Yi medicine is an integral part of ethnic medicine.In the long-term struggle against diseases,Yi people have created their own systematic Yi medicine.Yi traditional medicine is mainly mastered by Bimo,a master of local knowledge.Bimo is a soul doctor and health doctor.He recorded Yi medicine and its cultural significance in words and orally.Bimo oral medical classics have two attributes:nature(medicine)and culture(belief).Analyzing and exploring the medical attributes,medicine and culture and their internal logic of Yi oral medical classics is of great significance to the study of Yi medicine and its underlying cultural structure and belief phenomenon.