纽荷尔脐橙芽变品系研究进展

Research Progress of Newhall Navel Bud Mutation Cultivars

本文收集并分析1978-2020年中国科研论文期刊报道选育审(认)定的17个纽荷尔脐橙芽变品种的主要生物学特性和果实性状指标,并绘制了选育图。纽荷尔脐橙芽变品系果形主要为长椭圆形(9个),果形指数大于1.15;椭圆形(3个),果形指数1.05~1.15;圆形(4个),果形指数0.90~1.05;纺锤形(1个),果型指数1.38。果实成熟期以中熟(11月中下旬成熟)为主(13个),其次是早熟(4个),其中赣南早脐橙、赣脐4号脐橙成熟期为10月上中旬。果皮色泽以橙红色为主,果肉色泽为橙黄色为主,其中华红脐橙果实色泽橙红色-红色;果实平均单果重为260~320g,黔橙系列(1-4号)平均单果重(340~580g)较大。果实可溶性固形物(TSS%)含量在12.1±1.0%范围内,龙回红脐橙、湘科3号脐橙、黔橙2和3号脐橙果实TSS含量偏高(TSS>13.0%)。果实可滴定酸(TA g/100mL)含量多数在0.57±0.16g/100mL范围内,贺脐1号脐橙和湘科1、3号脐橙果实TA含量偏高(TA>0.90g/100mL)。维生素C(Vc)含量品种之间差异较大(40~70mg/100mL)和可食率在70%~75%之间变化。

17 bud mutation cultivars of Newhall navel orange selected and reported in Chinese jounal of scientific research papers from 1978 to 2020 were collected and the main biological characteristics and fruit traits indexes were analyzed,and the breeding map was drawn.The fruit shape of Newhall navel bud mutation cultivars was long oval(9) with fruit shape index greater than 1.15,oval(3),with fruit shape index 1.05-1.15,round(4),with fruit shape index 0.90-1.05,spindle shape(1),with fruit shape index 1.38.The collected cultivars were mainly medium ripening navel oranges(13,ripening in mid-late November),followed early ripening navel cultivars(4).Gannan Zao navel orangeand Ganqi No.4 navel orange ripened in the first and middle of October.The fruit color was mainly orange-red,and the pulp color was orange-yellow,but the fruit color of Huahong navel orange was orange-red to red.The average fruit weight was 260-320g,and the average fruit weight of Qiancheng series(Qiancheng1-4) was higher(340-580g).The total soluble solid(TSS) was 12.1 ± 1.0%,and the TSS of Longhuihong navel orange,Xiangke 3 navel orange,Qiancheng navel orange(2,3) was higher(TSS>13.0).The titratable acid(TA g/100mL) was 0.57 ± 0.16g/100ml,but the TA of Hecheng 1 navel orange and Xiangke navel orange(1,3)was higher(TA > 0.90g/100mL).The content of Vitamin C(VC mg/100mL) of different cultivars(40mg~70mg/100mL) varied greatly and difference of edible rate varied from 70%~75%.