高能液动锤超硬岩冲击快速钻进工艺研究

Research on fast drilling technology of high-energy hydraulic hammer impact in super hard rock

在煤矿井下硬岩及超硬岩中施工穿层钻孔时,聚晶金刚石复合片(PDC)钻头回转钻进工艺存在钻头消耗量大、钻进速度慢等问题,严重制约着瓦斯抽排孔的施工速度与效率。针对PDC钻头回转钻进超硬岩的技术难题,采用高能液动锤、高压乳化液泵、煤矿用履带式全液压钻机等钻进设备,使高能液动锤输出高频、大冲击功破碎硬岩,通过优化高能液动锤冲击—回转钻进工艺技术的钻进规程参数,实现超硬岩穿层钻孔快速钻进。经过新安煤矿工程验证,冲击—回转钻进工艺大大提高了煤矿超硬岩穿层钻孔的钻进效率,降低了钻头消耗量,有效解决了硬岩穿层钻孔的钻进难题。研究结果表明:高能液动锤超硬岩快速钻进工艺的最优钻进规程参数为泵压13~14 MPa、泵量200 L/min、钻压2~3 MPa、转速50~60 r/min。

During the construction of hard rock and super hard rock through holes in underground coal mine,the PDC bit rotary drilling technology often has problems such as large bit consumption and slow drilling speed,which seriously restricts the construction speed and efficiency of gas drainage holes.In this paper,aiming at the technical difficulties of PDC bit rotary drilling in super hard rock,by using high-energy hydraulic hammer,high-pressure emulsion pump,crawler full-hydraulic drill and other drilling equipment,to make high-energy hydraulic hammer output high frequency,large impact power and then break hard rock.By optimizing the drilling specification parameters of high-energy hydraulic hammer impact-rotary drilling technology,the fast drilling of super hard rock through holes is realized.After the engineering verification of Xin’an Coal Mine,the impact-rotary drilling technology greatly improves the drilling efficiency of super hard rock through holes in coal mine,reduces the bit consumption,and effectively solves the drilling difficulties of hard rock through holes.The research results show that the optimal drilling specification parameters of high-energy hydraulic hammer fast drilling technology for super hard rock are as follows:the pump pressure is 13 MPa to 14 MPa,the pump capacity is 200 L/min,the WOB is 2 MPa to 3 MPa,and the rotational speed is 50 r/min to 60 r/min.