稀土掺杂的上转换纳米材料的生物毒性与其作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on Biological Toxicity and Its Mechanism of Rare-earth-elements-doped Upconversion Nanoparticles

稀土掺杂的上转换纳米材料(rare-earth-elements-doped upconversion nanoparticles,REEs-UCNPs)作为新兴一代的荧光纳米探针,具有独特而优异的反斯托克斯发光特点,与传统荧光材料相比,具有发光强度高、荧光寿命长、激发能量低、组织穿透能力强和生物相容性好等优点。近年来,REEs-UCNPs在生物医学、活体荧光成像、太阳能电池和卫生检测等领域应用日益广泛,其环境和人群暴露日益突出。随着纳米毒理学的深入研究,REEs-UCNPs的生物学毒性效应以及对环境和人类健康的影响逐渐被研究者关注,然而目前有关REEs-UCNPs的生物学毒性的报道较少。本文综述了近年来有关REEs-UCNPs在生物体内的吸收-分布-代谢-排泄、生物毒性、毒作用机制与影响因素等方面的研究进展,以期为REEs-UCNPs的进一步开发、应用和深入研究提供思路和参考依据。

As a new generation of fluorescent nanoprobes,rare-earth-elements-doped upconversion nanomaterials(REEs-UCNPs)have unique conversion properties of anti-Stokes luminescence,and have remarkable advantages such as high luminous intensity,long fluorescence lifetime,low excitation energy,large penetration depth of excited light in biological tissue and little tissue damage,etc.In recent years,REEs-UCNPs have been widely used in biomedicine,in vivo fluorescence imaging,solar cells,health detection and other fields,and their environmental and human exposure have become increasingly prominent.With the in-depth study of nano toxicology,the biological toxic effects of REEs-UCNPs and their impact on environment and human health have been gradually concerned by researchers.However,there are few reports on the biological toxicity of REEs-UCNPs.In order to provide ideas and reference basis for the further development,application and in-depth research of REEs-UCNPs,this paper reviews the research progress on the biological absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion,biological toxicity,toxic mechanism and their influencing factors of REEs-UCNPs in recent years.