焦虑病人心电图及脑电图特点分析

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM AND ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH ANXIETY

目的探讨焦虑病人心电图及脑电图特点。方法选取2016年2月—2019年1月郑州中心医院门诊就诊或病区收治的86例焦虑症病人作为研究对象(焦虑组),同时根据性别、年龄及文化程度匹配原则选取同时期体检的86例健康人作为对照组,比较两组研究对象的心率、心率变异性以及脑电图脑电指标记录。结果焦虑组病人的心率明显高于对照组,窦性心搏间期的标准差(SDNN)、每5 min时段的正常窦性R-R间期的标准差(SDANN)、相邻R-R间期差值的均方根(RMSSD)、相邻R-R间期差值<50 ms的百分数(PNN50),以及高频(HF)、低频(LF)、极低频(VLF)、高低频功率比值(LF/HF)等心电指标均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.312~14.541,P<0.05);焦虑组病人α波前移或泛化、α波减弱慢化、α波不对称、广泛低电压、θ频段功率弥漫性或局限性升高、β波活动增多、脑波慢化及慢波出现发生率等脑电指标均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=90.545~169.740,P<0.05)。结论焦虑症病人具有特征性的心率变异性和脑电图表现,两种方法联合检测对焦虑症的诊断及临床治疗可能有实用的临床价值。

Objective To investigate the electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram characteristics of patients with anxiety.Methods A total of 86 patients with anxiety disorders who attended the outpatient service or were hospitalized in Zhengzhou Central Hospital from February 2016 to January 1919 were enrolled as anxiety group,and 86 healthy individuals,matched for sex,age,and education level,who underwent physical examination during the same period of time were enrolled as control group.The two groups were compared in terms of heart rate,heart rate variability,and electroencephalogram parameters.Results Compared with the control group,the anxiety group had a significantly higher heart rate and significantly lower electrocardiogram parameters such as SDNN,SDANN,RMSSD,PNN50,LF,HF,VLF,and LF/HF ratio(t=3.312-14.541,P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the anxiety group had significantly higher electroencephalogram parameters such as the incidence rates ofαwave advancement or generalization,αwave attenuation and slowing,αwave asymmetry,extensive low vol-tage,lateral or localized increase inθband power,increase inβwave activity,slow brain wave,and occurrence of slow wave(χ^(2)=90.545-169.740,P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with anxiety have characteristic heart rate variability and electroencephalogram findings,and the combination of these two methods may have a certain clinical value in the diagnosis and clinical treatment of anxiety.