新冠疫情常态防控期间口腔急诊病人临床特点分析

CLINICAL FEATURES OF STOMATOLOGICAL EMERGENCY PATIENTS DURING THE ONGOING PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠)疫情常态防控期间口腔急诊病人的临床特点。方法收集2020年5—7月新冠疫情常态防控初期某口腔门诊的口腔急诊病人数据,同时收集2019年(新冠疫情前)和2021年(新冠疫情常态防控1年)同期的数据,分析新冠疫情常态防控期间急诊人次、人员类别、诊断和药物使用等临床特点变化情况。结果与其他时期相比,新冠疫情常态防控初期月均口腔急诊人次无显著变化(P>0.05),但在总就诊人次中占比(13.11%)明显增加(χ^(2)=244.399,P<0.01),部队人员口腔急诊人次明显减少(χ^(2)=38.433,P<0.01),抗生素或镇痛药使用人次明显增加(χ^(2)=16.308,P<0.01),口腔急诊主要诊断为牙髓炎和根尖周炎(42.33%)、急性龈炎和急性牙周炎(29.20%)及口腔蜂窝织炎和脓肿(16.30%),不同时期诊断类型分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.845,P<0.01),但相关性较弱(Cramer’s V=0.112,P<0.01)。新冠疫情常态防控1年后,口腔急诊病人临床特点与新冠疫情前同期无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论新冠疫情常态防控初期,口腔急诊需求突显,随后恢复至新冠疫情前状态,口腔门诊应合理调整医疗资源分配。

Objective To investigate the clinical features of stomatological emergency patients during the ongoing prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods Related data were collected from the stomatological emergency patients who attended the outpatient service of stomatology in the initial stage of the ongoing prevention and control of COVID-19 from May to July in 2020,and the data during the same period of time in 2019(before the outbreak of COVID-19)and 2021(after ongoing prevention and control for 1 year)were also collected.These data were analyzed to investigate the changes in clinical features during ongoing prevention and control,such as the number of emergency visits,the identity of patients,diagnosis,and use of drugs.Results There was no significant difference in the monthly mean number of stomatological emergency visits between the initial stage of ongoing prevention and control and the other periods of time(P>0.05),but there was a significant increase in the proportion of stomatological emergency visits among total visits(13.11%;χ^(2)=244.399,P<0.01).There was a signi-ficant reduction in the number of stomatological emergency visits in military persons(χ^(2)=38.433,P<0.01)and a significant increase in the use of antibiotics or analgesics(χ^(2)=16.308,P<0.01).The main diagnosis of stomatological emergency visits was acute pulpitis and acute apical periodontitis(42.33%),followed acute gingivitis and acute pericoronitis(29.20%)and cellulitis and abscess of the oral cavity(16.30%),and there was a significant difference in the distribution of diagnostic types between the diffe-rent periods of time(χ^(2)=23.845,P<0.01),with a relatively weak correlation(Cramer’s V=0.112,P<0.01).The clinical features of stomatological emergency patients after 1 year of ongoing prevention and control were similar as those before the COVID-19 pandemic(P>0.05).Conclusion There is a significant increase in the demand for stomatological emergency in the initial stage of the ongoing prevention and control of COVID-19,which gradually returns to the status before the pandemic,and dental clinics should reasonably adjust the allocation of medical resources.