高原肺动脉高压的发病机制与药物治疗研究进展

Research progress on the pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment of high altitude pulmonary hypertension

高原肺动脉高压(HAPH)是以低氧引起的肺血管收缩和肺血管重构为特征,在高原地区有高发病率与高致死率的病理综合征,其严重威胁着高原人群的身体健康,但该病的发病机制尚不明确。相关研究指出长期低氧刺激可通过血管重构、炎症反应、氧化应激与基因调控等途径共同促进肺动脉高压的发展。近年来,与HAPH相关的新的信号通路与药物不断涌现,明确HAPH的发病机制可为高原病的预防和治疗奠定基础。本文将对HAPH发病机制及相关药物研究进展进行介绍,以对相关疾病的治疗有所启示。

High altitude pulmonary hypertension(HAPH)is a pathological syndrome characterised by pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodelling caused by hypoxia,with high morbidity and mortality rates in highland areas,posing a serious threat to the health of highlanders;however,the pathogenesis of this disease is still uncertain.Studies have shown that chronic hypoxic stimulation can contribute to the development of pulmonary arterial pressure through a combination of vascular remodelling,inflammatory responses,oxidative stress and gene regulation.In recent years,new signalling pathways and drugs associated with plateau pulmonary hypertension have emerged.In this paper,the pathogenesis of HAPH and related drug research progress are introduced to provide insight into the treatment of the related disease.