玉米赤霉烯酮对海南文昌种母鸡繁殖性能及其后代发育的影响

Effets of Zearalenone on Reproduction Performance and Offspring Development of Hainan Wenchang Hens

试验旨在探究饲粮中添加不同剂量玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEA)对海南文昌鸡种母鸡生产繁殖性能及其后代发育的影响。选择产蛋率、体重、健康状况相近的30周龄文昌鸡种母鸡160羽,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10羽。其中空白对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加250、500μg/kg和750μg/kg ZEA。预试期7 d,正试期36 d。结果表明:①饲粮中添加不同剂量ZEA在数值上降低了文昌种母鸡的产蛋率、受精率和孵化率;不同剂量ZEA处理对种蛋的蛋黄颜色、蛋形指数、哈夫单位和蛋壳强度无显著影响(P>0.05);但500μg/kg组和750μg/kg组种蛋的蛋壳厚度显著低于250μg/kg组(P<0.05)。②不同剂量ZEA对种母鸡血清雌二醇(E_(2))、促卵泡激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)浓度均没有显著影响(P>0.05);不同剂量ZEA处理在数值上升高了种母鸡的卵泡闭锁率(P>0.05);不同剂量ZEA对种母鸡的肝脏指数以及空肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。③与对照组相比,种母鸡饲粮中添加不同剂量ZEA对种母鸡雌性子代30日龄的体重和肝脏、肾脏、法氏囊、心脏等器官指数均没有显著影响(P>0.05);500μg/kg组和750μg/kg组子代小鸡的脾脏指数显著高于250μg/kg组(P<0.05);各组之间空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度没有显著差异(P>0.05)。由此说明,饲粮中添加500μg/kg和750μg/kg ZEA可降低蛋壳厚度,对于文昌种母鸡产蛋与孵化性能及子代生长发育等重要的繁殖性状影响不显著,且在本试验条件下不存在剂量效应关系。

The objectives of the experiments were to examine the effects of dietary zearalenone(ZEA)on production and reproduction performance of Hainan Wenchang hens.A total of 160 hens with similar egg production rate,body weight,and health status at 30 weeks of age were randomly selected and divided in⁃to four groups,the Control group(basic diets),different concentrations of ZEA(250,500μg/kg or 750μg/kg).Each group had four replicates and each replicate had 10 hens.The pre-trial pe⁃riod was seven days,and the trial period lasted for 36 days.The addition of different doses of ZEA in the diet numerically reduce the egg pro⁃duction rate,fertilization rate and hatching rate of Wenchang hens.Different doses of ZEA treatment had no significant effect on egg yolk color,egg shape index,Haugh unit and shell strength(P>0.05).However,the egg shell thickness of 500μg/kg and 750μg/kg ZEA treatment groups was significantly lower than that of 250μg/kg ZEA treatment group(P<0.05).Different doses of ZEA had no significant ef⁃fect on the serum E2,FSH,and LH concentrations of the hens.Different doses of ZEA treatment numeri⁃cally increased the follicular atresia rate of breeder hens(P>0.05).Different doses of ZEA had no signifi⁃cant effect on the liver index,jejunal villus height,crypt depth,villus height/crypt depth in breeder hens(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the addition of different doses of ZEA in the breeder hens'diet had no significant effect on the body weight,liver index,kidney index,bursa index and cardi⁃ac index of the female offspring at 30 days of age(P>0.05).The spleen index of offspring chicks in the 500μg/kg and 750μg/kg ZEA treatment groups was significantly higher than that in the 250μg/kg ZEA treatment group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in jejunal villus height and crypt depth between treatment groups(P>0.05).These results indicated that:adding 500μg/kg and 750μg/kg ZEA in the could decreased shell thickness of Wenchang breeder hens,while there was no significant ef⁃fect on egg reproduction,hatchability,growth and development of offspring chicks and other important re⁃productive traits.In addition,there was no dose-effect relationship under this test condition.