脊髓损伤后认知障碍相关危险因素及发病机制的研究进展

Research Progress on Risk Factors and Mechanism of Cognitive Impairment After Spinal Cord Injury

脊髓损伤(SCI)后认知障碍发生率高,对患者的预后及康复产生深远的影响,却又易被忽视。本文归纳总结了SCI后认知障碍的主要危险因素,包括年龄、病程、严重程度、血管功能失调、精神心理因素、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、治疗措施等;发病机制包括颅脑损伤、逆行性脑改变,脑组织神经变性增加、再生减少、血流动力学改变等。

The incidence of cognitive impairment after spinal cord injury(SCI)is high,which has a profound impact on the prognosis and rehabilitation of patients,but it is easy to be ignored.This review summarized the main risk factors of cognitive impairment after SCI,including age,course of disease,severity,vascular dysfunction,psychopsychological factors,sleep apnea syndrome,treatment strategy,etc.The mechanisms include brain injury,retrograde brain changes,increased neurodegeneration and decreased regeneration of brain tissue,and hemodynamic changes.