新乡市0~6岁儿童维生素A、E水平分析

Analysis of Vitamin A and E Levels in Children Aged 0-6 Years Old in Xinxiang City

目的了解新乡地区0~6岁儿童血清维生素A、E水平及其影响因素,为新乡市儿童补充维生素A、E提供依据。方法选取2017—2020年在新乡医学院第三附属医院就诊的1934例健康儿童作为研究对象,回顾性分析其血清维生素A、E水平,比较不同性别、年龄段、季节血清维生素A、E水平及其分布情况。结果血清维生素A水平(0.256±0.097)mg·L^(-1),血清维生素E水平(8.646±2.680)mg·L^(-1)。维生素A缺乏1331例,占68.82%,维生素E缺乏84例,占4.34%,不同年龄段维生素A、维生素E平均水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),>3~6岁年龄段维生素A水平大于0~1岁和>1~3岁年龄段(P<0.05),0~1岁年龄段维生素E水平大于>1~3岁和>3~6岁年龄段(P<0.05);女童的维生素A、维生素E水平均比男童高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同季节的维生素A、维生素E水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),冬季维生素A水平小于春季、夏季、秋季(P<0.05),冬季维生素E水平小于春季、夏季、秋季(P<0.05);秋季维生素E水平小于春季、夏季(P<0.05);不同年龄段维生素A分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),0~1岁维生素A缺乏率高于>3~6岁(P<0.05)。结论新乡市0~6岁儿童维生素A缺乏率较高,0~1岁缺乏率最高,秋冬季儿童维生素A缺乏率比春夏季高,故对秋冬季、低年龄段的儿童进行维生素A的补充是很有必要的。新乡市0~6岁儿童维生素E缺乏率不高,提示家长医生不应对儿童进行盲目地补充维生素E,以免造成维生素E中毒。

Objective To investigate the levels of serum vitamin A and vitamin E in children aged 0-6 in Xinxiang area and their influencing factors,and to provide evidence for the supplement of vitamin A and vitamin E for children in Xinxiang.Methods A total of 1934 healthy children treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from 2017 to 2020 were selected as the research subjects.The serum vitamin A and E levels were retrospectively analyzed,and the serum vitamin A and E levels and their distribution were compared in different genders,ages and seasons.Results The average serum vitamin A level was(0.256±0.097)mg·L^(-1),and the average serum vitamin E level was(8.646±2.680)mg·L^(-1).There were 1331 cases of vitamin A deficiency,accounting for 68.82%,and 84 cases of vitamin E deficiency,accounting for 4.34%.The average levels of vitamin A and vitamin E in different age groups were significantly different(P<0.05).Vitamin A levels in>3-6 years old were higher than those in 0-1 years old and>1-3 years old(P<0.05).Vitamin E levels in 0-1 years old were higher than those in>1-3 and>3-6 years old(P<0.05).The levels of vitamin A and vitamin E in girls were higher than those in boys,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of vitamin A and vitamin E in different seasons were significantly different(P<0.05).The average vitamin A level in winter was lower than that in spring,summer and autumn(P<0.05).The average vitamin E level in winter was lower than that in spring,summer and autumn(P<0.05).The average level of vitamin E in autumn was lower than that in spring and summer(P<0.05).The distribution of vitamin A in different age groups was significantly different(P<0.05).The vitamin A deficiency rate in 0-1 years old group was higher than that in>3-6 years old group(P<0.05).Conclusion The vitamin A deficiency rate of children aged 0-6 years in Xinxiang City is relatively high.The deficiency rate of children aged 0-1 years is the highest.The vitamin A deficiency rate of children in autumn and winter are higher than that in spring and summer.Therefore,it is necessary to supplement vitamin A in autumn and winter and young children.The vitamin E deficiency rate of children aged 0-6 in Xinxiang city is not high,suggesting that parents and doctors should not blindly supplement children with vitamin E to avoid vitamin E poisoning.