基于个体化食物成分表的饮食指导对血液透析患者营养状态的影响

Effect of Dietary Guidance Based on Individualized Food Composition Table on Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients

目的探讨基于个体化食物成分表的饮食指导对血液透析患者营养状态的影响。方法选取郑州市第一人民医院2019年7月至2021年4月收治的106例血液透析患者,根据随机数字表法分为研究组和常规组,各53例。常规组接受常规饮食培训,研究组在常规组基础上实施基于个体化食物成分表的饮食指导,比较两组干预前后营养状况[血红蛋白(Hb)、前白蛋白(PA)、血清白蛋白(ALB)变化]、疾病对生活的影响、干预满意度。结果两组干预前营养指标对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后两组营养指标升高,且研究组高于常规组(P<0.05)。两组干预前疾病对生活的影响程度对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后两组疾病对生活的影响评分较干预前降低,且研究组影响程度低于常规组(P<0.05)。两组患者干预满意度等级分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),研究组满意度高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论基于个体化食物成分表的饮食指导可以改善血液透析患者营养状态,减轻疾病对生活的影响,提高干预满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of dietary guidance based on individualized food composition table on nutritional status of hemodialysis patients.Methods One hundred and six hemodialysis patients treated in Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital from July 2019 to April 2021 were selected and divided into study group and routine group according to the random number table method,with 53 patients in each group.The routine group was given routine intervention.On the basis of the routine group,the study group implemented dietary guidance based on the individualized food composition table.The nutritional status[the changes of hemoglobin(HB),prealbumin(PA)and serum albumin(ALB)],the impact of disease on life and intervention satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results There was no statistical difference in nutritional indexes between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After intervention,the nutritional indexes of the two groups were increased,and the study group was higher than the routine group(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the influence degree of disease on life between the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05).After the intervention,the influence score of disease on life of the two groups was lower than that before the intervention,and the influence degree of the study group was lower than that of the routine group(P<0.05).There were differences in the grade distribution of intervention satisfaction between the two groups(P<0.05),and the satisfaction of the study group was higher than that of the routine group(P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary guidance based on individualized food composition table can improve the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients,reduce the impact of disease on life and improve intervention satisfaction.