城市污水处理厂运行对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Operation of Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant

本文通过技术调研、实际考察和国内文献检索的方式,选取了全国15座污水处理厂,分析各污水厂的实际进水水质的指标、南北地区污水厂实际进水水质的差异、实际进水污染物指标比例以及各种工艺对污染物的去除效果。通过以上分析,可在实际的设计和运营过程中,为污水厂的设计和运营人员提供有效的参考数据。各污水厂所采用的生化工艺均为AAO、MBR和氧化沟这三种工艺中的一种,且采用每种工艺的污水厂各占5座。分析结果表明,各地区污水厂的实际进水水质浓度普遍偏低,平均进水COD_(Cr)、BOD_(5)、SS、NH_(3)-N、TN和TP浓度分别为217 mg/L、85.3 mg/L、151 mg/L,25.11 mg/L、34.03 mg/L、2.95 mg/L;南、北部地区污水厂的实际进水水质相差不大,南部地区污水厂部分进水水质指标值略高于北部地区污水厂;各污水厂进水平均BOD_(5)/COD_(Cr)、BOD_(5)/TN、BOD_(5)/TP值分别为0.39、2.65和35,各污水厂进水均适合生物处理,但是反硝化碳源不足,需投加碳源以保证TN的达标排放;整体而言,各种工艺中,MBR工艺对污水的处理效果最好,其COD_(Cr)、BOD_(5)、SS、NH_(3)-N、TN和TP的去除率分别为92.36%、96.48%、97.72%、96.62%、67.41%、91.11%,其次为AAO工艺,最后为氧化沟工艺,但氧化沟工艺对TN的去除率要高于其他两种工艺。

This paper selects 15 sewage treatment plants in China by means of technical investigation,practical investigation and domestic literature search,analyzes the actual infl ow water quality index of each sewage plant,the difference between the north and south areas of the actual infl ow water quality of sewage plants,the actual infl ow pollutant proportion,and the pollutant removal rate of each process.Through the above analysis,it can provide effective reference data for the designers and operators of the sewage plant in the actual design and operation process.The biochemical processes used in each sewage treatment plant are AAO,MBR and oxidation ditch,among which each process has 5 sewage treatment plants.The results show that the actual concentration of infl uent water is generally low in each region,and the average concentration of COD_(Cr),BOD_(5),SS,NH_(3)-N,TN and TP are 217 mg/L,85.3 mg/L,151 mg/L,25.11 mg/L,34.03 mg/L and 2.95 mg/L.The actual infl ow water quality of sewage plants in the south and north areas is similar,and some of the infl ow water quality of the sewage plants in the south is slightly higher than that in the north.The average values of BOD_(5)/COD_(Cr),BOD_(5)/TN,BOD_(5)/TP are 0.39,2.65 and 35 respectively.The infl uent water of each sewage treatment plant is suitable for biological treatment,but the denitrifi cation carbon source is insuffi cient.Carbon source needs to be added to ensure that TN can meet the discharge standard.As a whole,MBR process has the best effect on wastewater treatment.The removal rates of COD_(Cr),BOD_(5),SS,NH_(3)-N,TN and TP are 92.36%,96.48%,97.72%,96.62%,67.41%,and 91.11%respectively,followed by AAO process and oxidation ditch process,but the TN removal rate of oxidation ditch process is higher than other two processes.