基于GIS的滑坡地质灾害易发性分析——以六盘水市为例

Analysis of Landslide Geological Hazard Susceptibility Based on GIS:A Case Study of Liupanshui City

以贵州省六盘水市为例,以GIS平台为基础并结合Logistic-模糊综合理论耦合模型,在前人研究的基础上,选取了气象水文要素(降水量、河流密度)、地层岩性要素、基本地形地貌(土壤侵蚀、高程、坡度、地表起伏度)、人类干扰(人类活动强度)等四方面因素作为易发性指标综合得出六盘水市地质灾害易发性区划图.结果表明:极高易发性区域占比22.45%,面积达2172 km^(2),高易发性区域占比40.11%,面积达3880 km^(2),中易发性区域占比28.01%,面积达2710 km^(2),低易发性区域占比9.43%,面积达912 km^(2);从空间分布上看,呈现不均匀分布,极高风险区域和高风险区域集中于盘县、六枝特区,在钟山区和水城县有少量分布,并且受坡度和地表起伏度影响较大;结合当地实际分析,极高风险区和高风险区与六盘水矿业开发较多的区域相关联性较高.

Taking Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province as an example,based on GIS platform and combined with logistic fuzzy comprehensive theory coupling model,and also on the basis of previous studies,this paper selected meteorological and hydrological elements(precipitation,river density),stratigraphic lithology elements,basic topography(soil erosion,elevation,slope,surface undulation degree),and human disturbance(intensity of human activities)all these four factors as the susceptibility index to obtain the susceptibility zoning map of Liupanshui city.The results show that:the extremely high susceptibility area accounts for 22.45%,with an area of 2172 square kilometers;the high susceptibility area accounts for 40.11%,with an area of 3880 square kilometers;the medium susceptibility area accounts for 28.01%,with an area of 2710 square kilometers;the low susceptibility area accounts for 9.43%,with an area of 912 square kilometers;From the perspective of spatial distribution,it shows uneven distribution.Extremely high-risk areas and high-risk areas concentrate in Pan county and Liuzhi special zone,and a small number of such alike areas which are prone to be affected by slope and surface undulation are distributed in Zhongshan district and Shuicheng county;According to the analysis of the local situation,the extremely high-risk areas and high-risk areas are highly related to the areas with more mining development in Liupanshui.