感物思维:《文心雕龙》的文思发生论

Ganwu thinking:On the occurrence of literary thinking in Wen Xin Diao Long

“感物”是刘勰在中国传统物感说基础上系统深化形成的文思发生论美学范畴。刘勰从运思开启阶段的思维体验出发,系统地回答了心物何以感应、物我如何感应、感物之思如何导向文艺创作的问题,概括了文思发生的完整环节。在“感物”中,“物”的自然义、社会义分别在生命本体同构性的生命化、生活现实亲近性的审美化中,发生了深刻的内涵转化;“心”则在主体提升与审美觉醒的语境中,具有了更多能动性、审美化意义;心物之间形成一种“合作”与“对话”辩证结合的新型“双边”互动关系。感物思维揭示了作家运思中情致盎然、思意深沉的兴感体验,提供了作家思想开展的内在动力和价值导向;也揭示了心物感应中触类感思、情象融会的运思体验,提供了情感“对象化”着陆之基,推动着心象的加工深化,为进一步文思活动的展开奠定了基础。

“Ganwu”is an aesthetic category of literary thinking formed by Liuxie on the basis of Chinese traditional theory of“Wugan”.Starting from the experience in the beginning stage of literary thinking,Liu Xie systematically answered the questions of why and how the mind and the object react,and how the Ganwu thinking generates literary creation.This is the whole link of Liu Xie’s theory of“Ganwu”.In the Ganwu-thinking,the natural and social meaning of“things”(the object)has undergone profound connotation transformation in the sense of isomorphism of life noumenon and closeness to real life;“Mind”(the subject)has more initiative and aesthetic significance in the context of subject promotion and aesthetic awakening;A new type of“bilateral”interactive relationship of dialectical combination of“cooperation”and“dialogue”is formed between mind and object.The“Ganwu”thinking reveals the author’s passionate and thoughtful thinking experience,and provides the internal driving force and value orientation for the development of the writer’s thought;It also reveals the thinking experience of integration of emotion and image in mind object induction,provides a basis for the landing of emotional“objectification”,promotes the deepening of the processing of mind image,and lays a foundation for the further development of literary and ideological activities.