10个白三叶品种在成都平原的生产性能评价

An evaluation of suitability of ten Trifolium repens varieties for use on the Chengdu Plain

为筛选出适宜在成都平原推广种植的优质白三叶品种,对10个白三叶引进品种进行了物候期、干草产量、生长高度、茎粗、叶面积等指标的生产性能评价,并对其进行营养品质测定。结果表明,引进品种‘金宝’的物候期最长,可达306 d,为晚熟品种。各供试白三叶品种在返青第一次刈割后生长速度最快,达0.52~0.67 cm·d^(-1),随后两次刈割后日均生长速度放缓,第3茬刈割后生长速度最慢,为0.34~0.50 cm·d^(-1)。各品种中‘罗特’年度平均干草产量最高,达14436.44 kg·hm^(-2),较对照品种‘海法’‘胡依阿’分别增产20.0%、26.7%(P<0.05)。‘欧米克’年平均干草产量为8898.64 kg·hm^(-2),显著低于对照品种‘海法’‘胡依阿’(P<0.05)。各参试白三叶品种的生长高度、拉伸高度为22.6~30.2 cm、35.4~53.7 cm,‘罗特’的叶面积、茎粗和茎节数最大,‘超级胡依阿’的生殖枝长度,‘金宝’的叶柄长度和‘海法’的叶柄粗均在参试白三叶品种中表现最优。对10个品种的粗蛋白等营养成分进行测定,结果表明,不同白三叶品种间差异较大,引进品种‘游侠’的粗蛋白含量最高,可达22.8%。应用灰色关联度分析方法对10个白三叶品种的干草产量及相关农艺性状进行综合比较分析,‘罗特’‘超级胡依阿’和‘金宝’田间性状表现较优,适宜在成都平原地区推广种植利用。

The aim of this research was to identify high-quality white clover varieties suitable for planting on the Chengdu Plain.The production traits of 10 white clover varieties were evaluated through the growing season,including hay yield,plant height,stolon diameter,leaf area and other indexes,and the nutritional quality of the tested white clover varieties was determined.It was found that the growth period of the introduced variety‘Jumbo’was 306 days,and Jumbo was a late-maturing variety.The growth rate of white clover varieties was the fastest(0.52-0.67 cm·d^(-1))after the first cut.After the second and third cuts the growth rate slowed and was lowest(0.34-0.50 cm·d^(-1))after the third cut.Among all varieties,‘Rampart’had the highest annual hay yield of 14436.44 kg·ha^(-1) which was,respectively,20.0%and 26.7%higher(P<0.05)than that of the control varieties‘Haifa’and‘Huia’.The average hay yield of variety‘OMK’was 8898.64 kg·ha^(-1),significantly lower than that of the two control varieties(P<0.05).The natural plant height and‘stretched height’of the white clover varieties ranged from 22.6 to 30.2 cm and 35.4 to 53.7 cm,respectively.The variety‘Rampart’had the largest leaf area,stem internodes and the greatest stolon diameter.The flowering stem length of‘Super Huia’,the petiole length of‘Jumbo’and petiole diameter of‘Haifa’were in each case the best among the white clover varieties tested.The varieties showed great differences in nutritive value measures,and the crude protein content of‘Ranger’ranged up to 22.8%.The hay yield and related agronomic traits of 10 white clover varieties were compared and analyzed by grey relational analysis,which showed that the varieties‘Rampart’,‘Super Huia’and‘Jumbo’had superior field traits and can be recommended as suitable for planting on the Chengdu Plain.