生态批判与人文反思——论21世纪以来“城市病”的文学书写

Ecological Criticism and Humanistic Reflections: On the Literary Writing of Urban Disease since the 21st Century

21世纪以来,“城市病”成为文学重要表现内容,其通过隐喻的方式映射城市发展现实问题,体现作家的批判立场。在文学作品中,“城市病”与人的病症在生态层面呈现出交互性,在人文层面存在同构性,而且作家对“城市病”的批判常常与乡村乌托邦建构相对应,体现了城乡价值对立的思维。在“城市病”文学书写中,作家通过时空维度建立城与人病症的联系,挖掘城市发展过程中的现代性问题,但在主题表达、写作姿态、介入视角等方面也存在种种问题和不足。随着城市生态和人文环境的发展以及城市文学的不断成熟,文学对“城市病”的书写将走过自觉阶段,在现实性和文学性两方面形成新的突破。

Since the 21 st Century,urban disease has become important content of literature,which reflects the actual problems of urban development in a metaphorical way and shows writers’critical positions.In literary works,urban disease and human disease respectively present interactivity at the ecological level and isomorphism at the humanistic level.Moreover,writers’criticism of urban disease often corresponds to the construction of rural utopia,which reflects the antagonistic thinking of urban and rural values.In the literary writing of urban disease,writers establish the relationship between urban disease and human disease via the two dimensions of time and space,and explore the modernity issues in the process of urban development.Meanwhile,there are also various problems and deficiencies in theme expression,writing attitude and perspective of intervention,and so on.With the development of urban ecology and humanistic environment and the continuous maturity of urban literature,the writing of urban disease in literature will go through the stage of self-consciousness and achieve a new breakthrough in both realism and literariness.