刑事司法领域生态修复责任适用检视

Review on the Application of Ecological Restoration Responsibility in the Field of Criminal Justice

作为环境刑法发展改革的重要组成部分,生态修复责任的刑法适用事关刑法体系的长远发展。生态保护的根源性压力、独立环境法益的提倡以及量刑协商制度的改革证成了生态修复责任刑法适用的必要性和合理性,但生态修复责任的刑法适用仍然陷入了双重困境的“泥潭”。在适用理论层面生态修复责任的法律属性尚未明确;在司法实践层面由于缺乏统一的刑法规范依据和实施方案评估机构以及金钱化修复方式的“异化”执行导致生态修复责任适用细则不明。鉴于此,应当在理论层面明确生态修复责任的民事法律属性,在实践层面完善其适用细则以解决当前困境。

As an important part of the development and reform of environmental criminal law,the criminal law application of ecological restoration responsibility is related to the long-term development of the criminal law system.The root pressure of ecological protection,the promotion of independent environmental legal interests and the reform of sentencing consultation system have proved the necessity and rationality of the criminal law application of ecological restoration responsibility,but the criminal law application of ecological restoration responsibility is still in a“quagmire”of double dilemma.On the one hand,the legal attribute of ecological restoration responsibility is not clear;On the other hand,there is a lack of unified criminal code basis and implementation plan evaluation organization,as well as the“alienation”implementation of monetized restoration methods,resulting in unclear rules for the application of ecological restoration responsibilities.Therefore,we should clarify the civil legal attribute of ecological restoration responsibility in theory and improve its application rules in practice to solve the current dilemma.