河南省地下水监测工程建设和监测成果综述

Summary of groundwater monitoring project construction and monitoring result in Henan Province

为落实国家地下水监测工程与地下水质监测任务,实现对河南省地下水动态的有效监测,以及对河南省平原、盆地及岩溶山区地下水动态的区域性监控。国家地下水监测工程和河南省地下水监测工程在河南省监测区共布设国家级地下水监测站点485个,省级地下水自动监测站点387个。监测区控制面积10.86万平方千米,主要监测层位浅层潜水(微承压水)、承压第Ⅰ含水层组地下水(中深层地下水)、承压第Ⅱ含水层组地下水(深层地下水)、承压第Ⅲ含水层组地下水(超深层地下水)、岩溶水、裂隙水,项目工程的建设完成,基本上完善了河南省地下水监测专业站点,提升了对全省区域地下水、国家重大工程沿线及地下水污染高风险区的监控能力,确保了及时、准确、全面的获取地下水动态信息,从而满足科学研究和社会公众对地下水信息的基本需求。根据监测成果将河南省浅层地下水划分为6个埋深分区,埋深区间在1.41~52.68 m,平均埋深11.93 m。划出降落漏斗两处,划分浅层地下水化学类型11种,主要为HCO 3•Cl-Ca型;水质分析综合评价结果显示以Ⅳ类和Ⅴ类水为主。

In order to implement the national groundwater monitoring project and groundwater quality monitoring task,realize the effective monitoring of groundwater dynamics in Henan Province,as well as regional monitoring of groundwater dynamic in plain,basin and karst mountain areas in Henan Province,the national groundwater monitoring project and the groundwater monitoring project of Henan Province have set up 485 national groundwater monitoring stations and 387 provincial groundwater automatic monitoring stations in the monitoring area of Henan Province.The controlling area of the monitoring area is 10.86×104 km 2,mainly monitoring the shallow phreatic water(micro-confined water),groundwater of confined aquiferⅠgroup(mid-deep groundwater),groundwater of confined aquiferⅡgroup(deep groundwater),groundwater of confined aquiferⅢgroup(ultra-deep groundwater),karst water and fissure water.The completion of the project construction has basically improved the professional stations for groundwater monitoring in Henan Province,and enhanced the monitoring and controlling capability for groundwater in the whole province,along the routes of major national projects and in areas with high risk of groundwater pollution,ensured the timely,accurate and comprehensive access to groundwater dynamic information,so as to meet the basic needs of scientific research and the public for groundwater information.According to the monitoring results,the shallow groundwater in Henan Province is divided into 6 sub-areas with the buried depth ranging from 1.41 m to 52.68 m,and the average buried depth is 11.93 m.Two landing funnels are marked out and 11 chemical types of shallow groundwater are divided,mainly HCO_(3)•Cl-Ca type.The comprehensive evaluation results of water quality analysis show that the water is mainly of classⅣandⅤ.