论灵活就业人员社会保障制度的完善

The Improvement of Social Security System of Gig Workers in China

灵活就业是对传统劳动关系和劳动法的突破和肢解。随着互联网技术的进步与经济新业态的出现,我国的灵活就业群体不断壮大,他们工作形式多样、用工关系复杂,这使得其社会保障成为了一大难题,当前主要存在社会保障水平低、可选择参保险种少、参保率低、断保现象严重等问题。借鉴境外经验,我国可制定有针对性的政策,完善相关法律:实行“个人工作账户”,推动劳动者的社会保障与雇主脱钩,拓宽灵活就业者可参保范围;打破区域壁垒,提升社会保险的可携带性;适当降低灵活就业人员缴费基数,考虑针对特殊灵活就业群体的特别补助。以制度完善更好地应对我国不断扩大的灵活就业群体及其社会保障问题,推进劳动权利的实现,助推国家高质量发展。

Flexible employment is a breakthrough and dismemberment of traditional labor relations and labor laws. With the progress of internet technology and the emergence of new economic forms, China’s flexible employment groups continue growing. The work forms of the gig workers are diverse and their employment relations are complex, which makes their social security a major problem at present such as low social security level, few optional insurance types, low insurance participation rate, and serious termination of insurance. Drawing on the overseas’ experience, China can formulate targeted policies and improve relevant laws such as to implement“personal work account,”promote the decoupling of social security of workers from their employers, expand the scope of insurance for flexible employees or gig workers, break down regional barriers and improve the portability of social insurance. The premium-paid base of flexible employment personnel should be appropriately reduced, and special subsidies for special flexible employment groups should be considered. Upon the foresaid measures, we shall improve the system to better deal with China’s expanding flexible employment groups and their social security issues, promote the realization of labor rights, and boost the whole country’s high-quality development ultimately.