城市社区老年人高质量养老的“微共同体”路径

The“Micro Community”Path of High-quality Elderly Care in Urban Communities

退休后纯粹地“养”容易导致无用感、失落感、孤独感,甚至焦虑、抑郁、偏执等心理疾病,进而危及生理健康及老年生活质量,所以适度地“为”便成为一种有效方案;但以“个体”的有限力量既难以实现“为”的预期,更难以建立稳定的社会网络与社会资本,所以需要借助“共同体”的力量去实现价值追求并在此过程中实现社交需求与情感上的互慰和生活上的互助。由于同质群体更容易产生共同需求、形成共识和集体行动并产生情感上的共振,所以应鼓励老年人基于共同的属性,在社区的支持下组建众多“微共同体”。“微共同体”为城市社区老年人高质量养老提供了一种新的可行路径,而“微共同体”的形成需要以社区为依托、社会参与为主线、多元共治为抓手、分步推进为策略。

Purely“rest”after retirement is likely to lead to a sense of uselessness,loss,loneliness,even anxiety,depression,paranoia,and other psychological diseases,which will endanger the physical health and the quality of life of the elderly.Therefore,the appropriate“doing”will become an effective plan.However,it is difficult to achieve the expectation of“doing”with the limited power of“individuals”and even more challenging to establish a stable social network and capital.Therefore,it is necessary to use the power of“community”to realize the value pursuit and,in this process,to achieve social needs,emotional comfort,and mutual assistance.As homogeneous groups are more likely to generate everyday needs,consensus,collective action,and emotional resonance,the elderly should be encouraged to form many“Micro Communities”based on common attributes.The formation of the“Micro Community”needs the community as the backing,social participation as the main line,pluralistic governance as the starting point,and step-by-step promotion as the strategy.