重金属钴胁迫对植物的毒性效应及机理研究进展

Research Progress of Toxic Effects and Mechanism in Heavy Metal Coba lt Stresson Plant

钴(Co)是锂电池阴极重要的金属元素,随着电动汽车产业的快速发展,Co的用量逐年增长,如果过量的Co释放到环境中,其重金属毒性会对植物、动物及人类造成威胁。文章阐述了Co胁迫对植物的毒性效应,从形态学、解剖学和生理变化等方面总结了Co胁迫对植物的负面影响。重点关注Co胁迫对植物DNA复制转录、光合作用、活性氧代谢平衡、氮素固化、渗透调节等方面的毒性机理,并对Co在植物体内的分布特征及与其他营养元素的相互作用进行了总结。最后,提出了Co胁迫对植物毒性效应的下一步研究重点。

Cobalt(Co)is an important metal element in the cathodes of lithium-ion batteries,with the rapid development of electric vehicle industry.The consumption of Co is increasing year by year.Ifexcessive Co is released into the environment,its heavy metal toxicity will threaten plants,animals and human beings.This paper elaborated to the Co toxic effects on plant.The negative effects of Co stress on plants were summarized from morphology,anatomy and physiological changes.Focusing on toxicity mechanism research progress of Co stress on plant DNA replication transcription,photosynthesis,metabolism balance of reactive oxygen species,nitrogen curing,osmotic regulation.The distribution characteristics of Co and its interaction with other nutrient elements in plants were summarized.Meanwhile,this paper also expected the focuses of the toxic effect of Co stress on plants in future research.