干旱环境下山葡萄光合和叶绿素荧光参数比较

Comparison of Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Vitis amurensis Rupr.under Arid Environment

为了筛选适合在南疆干旱区推广种植的山葡萄品种,在大田试验条件下,以‘北冰红’‘北国红’‘左优红’‘雪兰红’‘双红’和‘双丰’为材料,采用Li-6400便携式光合仪和PAM-2500叶绿素荧光仪测定不同山葡萄品种的光合和叶绿素荧光参数,并测定供试品种的干物质积累量等12项适应性指标。采用隶属函数法对数据进行标准化,对待测指标基于因子分析法综合评价。结果表明:不同适应性指标变异程度各异,其中干物质积累量、P_(n)、T_(r)和ETR变异程度较高,超过30%,C_(i)、F_(v)/F_(m)和q_(N)变异程度较小;因子分析提取出3个特征根>1的公因子,累计方差贡献率达91.737%,能够全面反映生长适应性效果优劣;‘北冰红’得分最高,干物质积累量、P_(n)、WUE和F_(v)/F_(m)均最高;‘左优红’次之,干物质积累量、P_(n)、WUE和F_(v)/F_(m)等指标仅次于‘北冰红’;‘双丰’得分最低。综合看来,‘北冰红’光合效率最高,田间长势强劲,是适合在南疆干旱区推广种植的品种。

In order to select Vitis amurensis Rupr.varieties which are suitable to plant in the arid area of southern Xinjiang,Vitis amurensis Rupr.cultivars‘Beibinghong’‘Beiguohong’‘Zuoyouhong’‘Xuelanhong’‘Shuanghong’and‘Shuangfeng’were taken as the materials,Li-6400 portable photosynthetic apparatus and PAM-2500 chlorophyll fluorometer measuring technique were used to determine the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and the photosynthetic parameters in the cultivars of Vitis amurensis Rupr.Based on the measurements of 12 effective indicators,the data were standardized by using subordinate function method,then the measured indicators were comprehensively evaluated by factor analysis.The results revealed that the adaptability indexes among the different Vitis amurensis Rupr.were different,of which adaptability indexes in dry matter accumulation,P_(n),T_(r),ETR were highly different and over 30%,whereas it had slight differences among the C_(i),F_(v)/F_(m),q_(N).Three principal components with characteristic root>1 was extracted by factor analysis and their cumulative variance contribution rate reached 91.737%,which could fully reflect the effectiveness of growth adaptability.The composite score of‘Beibinghong’was the highest,and‘Beibinghong’had the highest dry matter accumulation,P_(n),WUE,F_(v)/F_(m).‘Zuoyouhong’was next to‘Beibinghong’on dry matter accumulation,P_(n),WUE,F_(v)/F_(m) indicators.‘Shuangfeng’had the lowest score.In general,‘Beibinghong’had the best photosynthetic efficiency,and could grow strongly in the field,which is suitable for planting in the arid area of southern Xinjiang.