2018—2020年住院军事飞行人员血脂水平及异常类型分析

Levels and abnormal types of blood lipid in hospitalized pilots in 2018—2020

目的对2018—2020年住院飞行人员的血脂水平及异常类型进行分析,为血脂异常及相关疾病防治提供依据。方法以《中国成人血脂异常防治指南(2016年修订版)》方案为基础,结合我国动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(atherosclerotic cardiovasculardisease,ASCVD)一级预防人群血脂合适水平和异常分层标准,对2018年1月—2020年12月期间住院的2874例男性飞行人员血脂数据根据年龄、体质量指数(BMI)不同亚组进行回顾性分析。结果2874例住院飞行人员中血脂异常检出率为59.4%,高三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)血症占21.8%,低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)血症占16.0%,高胆固醇(totalcholesterol,TC)血症占15.5%,混合型高脂血症占6.0%;不同年龄组间飞行人员的TC、TG等差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),特别是25岁之后血脂水平会出现明显变化,随着年龄的增加飞行人员低HDL-C血症的发生率会逐渐上升,而其高TG血症、高TC血症和混合型高脂血症的发生率随年龄增加而上升至50岁后,又普遍呈下降趋势;不同BMI组间飞行人员的TC、TG等也存在显著性差异(P<0.01),随着BMI增加TC、TG和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平逐渐增加,HDL-C随着BMI的增加呈下降趋势。结论25岁开始可能是血脂异常防治的重要时间节点,应及时监测相关指标并予以针对性干预,切实维护飞行人员健康状况,延长飞行年限。

Objective To analyze blood lipid levels and types of dyslipidemia among hospitalized pilots so as to provide data for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia and related diseases.Methods Based on the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults(2016 revised edition)and in combination with the appropriate levels of blood lipids and standards for stratification of abnormalities for primary prevention of ASCVD in China,the results of blood lipid tests and other data of the 2874 male pilots hospitalized between January 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed according to different subgroups of age and BMI.Results Among the 2874hospitalized pilots,the detection rate of dyslipidemia was 59.4%,of which TG accounted for 21.8%,hypo HDL-C 16.0%,hypercholesterolemia 15.5%,and mixed hyperlipidemia 6.0%.There was significant difference in TC and TG between different age groups(P<0.01).At age 25,the levels of blood lipids of pilots began to change significantly.The incidence of low HDL-C in pilots gradually increased along with age,so did the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia,hypercholesterolemia and mixed hyperlipidemia,but the incidence started to decrease after the age of 50.There was also significant difference in TC and TG between different BMI groups(P<0.01).The levels of TC,TG and LDL-C gradually increased with BMI,but HDL-C trended down with the increase of BMI.Conclusion The age of 25 may be a very important time for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia.Related indicators should be monitored in time and targeted interventions should be made so as to keep the aircrew healthy and productive.