GLP-1受体激动剂对超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者食物喜好和味觉感知影响的调查研究

Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Food Preference and Taste Perception in Overweight or Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的探讨胰高血糖素样肽(GLP)-1受体激动剂对超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者食物喜好和味觉感知的可能影响。方法采用面对面问卷调查的方式,对2021年10月1日至2022年3月31日在医院就诊的超重或肥胖2型糖尿病并正在使用GLP-1受体激动剂的患者进行评估。研究者询问患者使用GLP-1受体激动剂前后食欲、食物喜好、味觉感知以及摄食行为的变化情况,患者回忆其相应感受或习惯并在通用量化标尺或十点视觉模拟评分系统中进行标注。采用饮食质量指数对各类食物的健康程度进行赋值。结果患者在接受GLP-1受体激动剂治疗后食欲显著降低(P<0.001),对高脂蛋白食物的喜好降低最显著,随后依次为油脂、经加工的碳水化合物以及具有甜味和咸味特征的甜食、甜饮和咸食(P<0.001);对苦、辛辣/浓香及酸味食物的喜好无明显变化(P>0.05);味觉敏感性无明显变化(P>0.05)。GLP-1受体激动剂治疗后患者食量显著降低(P<0.001),饮食质量指数显著升高(P<0.001)。结论GLP-1受体激动剂治疗可能引起超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者食欲降低,对高脂蛋白、油脂、经加工的碳水化合物以及甜食、甜饮和咸食的喜好降低,进而降低其摄食量、改善饮食健康程度。以上改变可能是介导该类药物发挥减重等代谢保护作用的重要途径。

Objective To investigate possible effects of glucagon-like peptide(GLP)-1 receptor agonists on food preference and taste perception in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods From October 1,2021 to March 31,2022,face-to-face questionnaire was used to evaluate the overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes who were being treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists in hospital.Patients were asked about changes in appetite,food preferences,taste perception,and eating behavior before and after prescribed with GLP-1 receptor agonists.Patients recalled their feelings or habits and noted them on a general labeled magnitude scale(gLMS)or a ten-point visual analogue scale(VAS).Dietary quality index(DQI)was used to evaluate healthiness of various foods.Results Appetite significantly decreased after treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists(P<0.001),and preference for high-fat proteins decreased most significantly,followed by fats,refined carbohydrates,sweet foods,sweet drinks and salty foods(P<0.001).There was no significant changes in preference for bitter,spicy/flavorful or sour foods or beverages(P>0.05).There was no significant changes in taste sensitivities(P>0.05).After treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists,total food intake significantly decreased(P<0.001)and DQI significantly increased(P<0.001).Conclusion GLP-1 receptor agonists may lead to suppressed appetite,decreased preference for high-fat proteins,fats,refined carbohydrates,sweet foods,sweet drinks and salty foods in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes,thereby reducing food intake and improving diet healthiness.These changes might be an important pathway that could mediate the metabolic protective effects of these drugs such as weight loss.