返乡青年治村的机制、困境及出路--基于江苏杨村的案例分析

The Mechanism, Dilemma and Way out of Village Governance by Returning Youth:A Case Study of Yang Village in Jiangsu Province

与返乡青年创业逻辑不同,返乡青年治村是基层制度变迁和治理转型背景下的一种基层组织建设创新实践。采用实地调查方法,基于对江苏杨村返乡青年治村实践的考察发现,基层工作的繁杂性和村干部工作待遇普遍较低是返乡青年治村的现状。返乡青年治村是地缘吸附、角色适配和精英更迭形塑的结果。结果表明:政策与制度导向下的返乡青年治村在一定程度上能适应基层治理现代化转型需求,但在实践中仍存在治理能力“偏科”、自治体系内卷、村级组织行政与自治关系失衡等困境。基于此,建议在理顺村民自治、完善村干部工作待遇机制和以政权下沉推进督促工作上为返乡青年深入参与乡村治理和乡村振兴提供保障,支持青年回流乡村,以人才振兴助力乡村振兴。

Different from the entrepreneurial logic of returning youth,village governance by returning youth is an innovative practice of grassroots organization construction with the changes in the grassroots system changes and governance transformation.Based on the field investigation of the practice of village governance by returning youth in Yang village,Jiangsu province,this paper finds that the complexity of grassroots work and the low salary of village cadres are the current situation of village governance by returning youth,which isthe result of geographical absorption,role adaptation and elite transformation.The results show that village governance by returning youth under the guidance of policies and institutions can meet the needs of modernization and transformation of grassroots governance to some extent.However,there are still some dilemmas in practice,such as“biased”governance ability,internal self-governance system,and imbalance between village-level organization administration and self-governance.Based on this,it is necessary to provide quarantee for returning youth to participate in rural governance and rural revitalization by retionalizing villagers’ autonomy,improving the treatment mechanism of village cadres,and promoting and urging the work of political power sinking the political power,support young people to return to rural areas and push rural revitalization with talent revitalization.