赣北地区播种方式与土壤墒情互作对棉花出苗的影响

Effect of Interaction between Sowing Methods and Soil Moisture on Cotton Emergence Rate in Northern Jiangxi

为研究不同播种方式与土壤湿度对棉花直播出苗的影响,探讨出最佳的播种方式及其最适宜的土壤湿度,为一播全苗提供技术支撑。以赣棉杂109毛籽包衣种子为试材,以播种方式和土壤墒情进行裂区设计(主区为播种当天土壤湿度,裂区为播种方式)。结果表明:手推机的播种工效分别是开沟穴播和打洞点播的6.75倍和10倍,但当土壤湿度过高和过低时分别会出现因出种口堵塞而漏穴和种子露于穴外的现象;三种播种方式(工具)的出苗速度和出苗率均随着土壤含水量的降低而降低。因而赣北地区利用手推机进行春季播种宜在雨后5 cm土层含水量为20%时抢墒播种或雨前5 cm土层含水量为15%时望墒播种。

In order to study the effects of different sowing methods and soil moisture on cotton seedling emergence,the best sowing method and the most suitable soil moisture were discussed,which provided technical support for once sowing of full standing. Taking Ganmianza 109 wool seed coated seed as test material,split plot design was carried out with the sowing method and soil moisture(the main area was the soil moisture on the day of sowing,and the split area was sowing methods). The results showed that the efficiency of the hand propelled machine was 6. 75times and 10 times higher than that of ditching and hole drilling respectively. However,when the soil moisture was too high or too low,the seeds would leak out of the hole and the seeds would be exposed outside the hole;the rate and speed of emergence of three sowing methods(tools) decreased with the soil moisture decreased. Therefore,when soil moisture content of 5cm soil layer is 20% after rain or 15% before rain,it is better to use the pusher for spring sowing in northern Jiangxi.