企业家专利研发参与度、专利产出策略对企业绩效的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Entrepreneur’s Patent Participation and Patent Strategy on Enterprise Performance

采用扎根理论,构建出发明人型企业家“专利研发参与度-专利产出策略-企业绩效”的理论框架。通过设计专利研发参与广度、深度两个指标,以358家科创板企业为样本,采用回归分析方法进行实证检验。研究表明:在一定范围内,发明人型企业家对于专利研发的参与有助于提升企业盈利与成长能力,但对企业规模的扩张会更加慎重甚至抵触。当企业家专利研发参与广度低于临界值时,主张数量导向型专业产出策略;但企业家专利研发参与深度与专利产出数量一直呈负相关关系。当企业家专利研发参与广度或深度分别低于临界值时,主张慢速导向型专利产出策略和质量导向型专利产出策略;高于临界值,则主张快速导向型专利产出策略。数量、速度导向型专利产出策略在企业实际发展中的中介作用更为明显与普遍。

Based on the grounded theory, this study constructs a theoretical framework of inventor-entrepreneurs’ patent participation, patent strategy and enterprise performance. Taking 358 sci-tech innovation board enterprises as samples, the two indicators called patent participation breadth and patent participation depth are designed and empirical tests are conducted by regression analysis method. The results show that: Firstly, in a certain range, inventor-entrepreneurs’ participation in patent can improve the profitability and growth ability of enterprises. Meanwhile, they may be more cautious or even resistant to the expansion of enterprise scale. Secondly, when the breadth of entrepreneurs’ patent participation is lower than the critical value, the quantity-oriented patent output strategy is advocated. The depth of entrepreneurs’ patent participation is always negatively correlated with the patent number. Thirdly, when the breadth or depth of entrepreneurs’ patent participation is lower than the critical value respectively, the slow-oriented and the quality-oriented strategies are advocated. While if the value is higher than the critical value, the fast-oriented strategy is advocated. The mediating effect of quantity and speed-oriented strategy in the actual development of enterprises is more obvious and universal.