基于多源数据的广东省乡村聚落发展格局与类型划分研究

A Study on Rural Settlement Development Patterns and Types Based on Multi-sourced Data,Guangdong Province

科学认识乡村发展水平、合理划分乡村聚落发展类型有利于揭示乡村发展的地域分异规律,为实施乡村振兴战略提供参考。文章以广东省为例,以乡村聚落斑块为基本单元,基于多源数据分析乡村聚落发展的水平空间格局,从乡村聚落发展水平、产业结构、城乡区位3个维度构建了乡村聚落发展类型划分指标体系,并利用SOFM神经网络进行乡村聚落发展类型划分。研究结果表明,广东省的乡村聚落发展水平总体呈现“东南高、西北低”的差异性格局,高水平乡村聚落集中分布在珠三角地区,粤西、粤北地区的乡村聚落发展水平较低;广东省乡村聚落可划分为偏远低水平农业主导型、远郊较低水平农业主导型、近郊中等水平农工业主导型、城市周边高水平工商业主导型4类。针对不同发展类型的乡村聚落,文章结合广东省的实际情况提出了相应的规划策略。

Scientific understanding of rural development level and rational classification of rural settlement types are conducive to revealing the law of regional differentiation of rural development and implementing rural revitalization strategy.Based on multi-sourced data,this study analyzes the spatial pattern of rural development level in Guangdong Province,constructs three dimensions of "rural development level,industrial structure,urban-rural location" index system,using the self-organizing feature map (SOFM) to classify rural settlements in Guangdong province.The results show that the development level of rural settlements in Guangdong province is higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest,and the high-level rural settlements are concentrated in the Pearl River Delta.The rural settlements in Guangdong province can be divided into four types:remote low-level agricultural villages,outer suburbs low-level agricultural villages,inner suburbs medium-level agricultural villages,and urban periphery high-level industrial and commercial villages.Based on the practical situation of Guangdong province,this paper puts forward correspondent development suggestions for different types of rural settlements.