黔产市售绿茶重金属的含量特征及健康风险评估

Health Risk Assessment and Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Green Tea Samples from Urban Markets in Guizhou Province

为研究黔产市售绿茶中重金属的含量分布特征及健康风险,以五个生产加工地的黔产市售绿茶为研究对象,分析其9种重金属(Pb、Cr、Cd、Hg、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni和As)含量,利用美国环境保护署(USEPA)推荐的健康风险评价模型进行人体重金属的健康风险评价。结果表明,五种茶叶中Cr、Cd、Pb、Hg、Cu和As含量均低于国家限量标准。黔产市售绿茶的重金属浸出率大小次序为Zn>Mn>Hg>As>Cd>Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni。健康风险评价结果表明,五个产地的绿茶中重金属通过饮茶途径所产生的健康危害个人年风险大小次序为Cd>As>Mn>Ni>Cr>Hg>Pb>Zn>Cu,茶叶中重金属通过饮茶途径所产生的个人健康危害年风险总和为4.33×10^(-6)~5.73×10^(-6) a^(-1),均低于USEPA和ICRP推荐的最大可接受风险水平,表明重金属引起的健康危害极小,其对暴露人群造成的健康危害可忽略不计,绿茶中重金属均处于安全范围内。

In order to investigate the distribution characteristics and health risk of heavy metals in tea,the green tea samples of five production and processing areas commercially available from urban markets in Guizhou province were collected to monitor the content of heavy metals such as Pb,Cr,Cd,Hg,Cu,Zn,Mn,Ni and As.The preliminary health risk assessments of these nine heavy metals in the commercial tea were evaluated with the US EPA health risk assessment model.Results showed that the contents of Cr,Cd,Pb,Hg,Cu and As in five kinds of teas were lower than national standard.Zn was shown to have the highest diffusion rate in tea infusion after brewing followed by Mn,Hg,As,Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu and Ni.The health risk level of Cd produced through drinking tea infusion was the highest after brewing,followed by As,Mn,Ni,Cr,Hg,Pb,Zn and Cu.Health risk assessment results of commercial tea indicated that heavy metals of personal total annual risk was 4.33×10^(-6) to 5.73×10^(-6) a^(-1).The personal total annual risk of five teas were lower than the maximum acceptable levels recommended by US EPA(1.0×10^(-4) a^(-1)).And the heavy metals in green tea are within the safe range.