广东省坡面尺度降雨产流产沙特征分析

Analysis on Rainfall-runoff-sediment Characteristics at Slope-scale in Guangdong Province

基于广东省野外6个水土保持监测站点2013—2021年自然降雨观测数据,分析了降雨产流产沙特征及林草措施减流减沙效益。结果表明,研究期内东源、南雄、茂名站点年降雨量呈略微递增趋势,罗定、五华及惠东站点年降雨量呈略微下降趋势。各站点裸地和林草地小区年侵蚀性降雨径流深、土壤流失量分别为2~750和1~300 mm、1~190和0.2~50.0 t/hm^(2)。径流深、土壤流失量与侵蚀性降雨量间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),土壤流失量随径流深增加呈显著递增(P<0.05)。与裸地相比,林草措施减流效益为46.59%~65.77%,减沙效益为20.53%~65.40%。

Based on natural rainfall observation data of six soil and water conservation monitoring stations in Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2021, this paper analyzed the annual and monthly scales of rainfall-runoff-sediment yield and runoff and sediment reduce benefits of forest and grass measures.Results showed that the annual rainfall of Dongyuan, Nanxiong, and Maoming stations showed a slightly increasing trend from 2013 to 2021, and the annual rainfall of Luoding, Wuhua and Huidong stations showed a slightly decreasing trend at same period.The annual erosive rainfall runoff depth and sediment production in bare and forest-grassland plots in all stations were 2-750 and 1-300 mm, 1-190 and 0.2-50.0 t/hm^(2), respectively.There was a significant positive correlation between runoff depth, sediment production and erosive rainfall amount(P<0.05), and sediment production increased significantly with runoff depth(P<0.05).Compared with the bare plots, the runoff reduce benefit and sediment reduce benefit were 46.59%-65.77% and 20.53%-65.40%, respectively.