基于碰撞模拟、几何约束和动态力反馈的虚拟装配方法

Virtual Assembly Method Based on Collision Simulation,Geometric Constraints and Dynamic Force Feedback

针对虚拟装配过程中存在模型贯穿、装配精度不高和力学反馈实时性差等问题,本研究提出了一种基于碰撞模拟、几何约束和动态力反馈相结合的虚拟装配方法,构建了面向VR环境的虚拟装配总体技术框架,将虚拟装配流程分为装配漫游、装配定位和入孔装配三个阶段,分析了基于三角面自动凹凸碰撞包围盒、弹簧-质量模型和几何约束等关键技术,实现了虚拟空间中零件的精确定位与装配,通过动态力反馈实时捕获装配过程中的受力情况,增强了装配仿真过程的真实感。以压雪机雪铲虚拟装配为例,验证了所提方法的有效性。

Aiming at the problems of model penetration,low assembly accuracy and poor real-time mechanical feedback in the process of virtual assembly,a virtual assembly method based on collision simulation,geometric constraints and dynamic force feedback was proposed in this study.The overall technical framework of virtual assembly for VR environment was constructed,and the virtual assembly process was divided into three stages:assembly roaming,assembly positioning and hole entry assembly.The key technologies such as automatic concave convex collision bounding box based on triangular surface,spring mass model and geometric constraints were studied to realize the accurate positioning and assembly of parts in virtual space.The dynamic force feedback was used to capture the force in the assembly process in real time,which could enhance the reality of the assembly simulation process.Taking the virtual assembly of snow shovel of snow groomer as an example,the effectiveness of the proposed method was illustrated.