特大城市消费活力空间格局及驱动因素对比研究

Study on Spatial Pattern of Consumption Vitality and Its Driving Factors in Mega Cities

城市消费活力是评价城市综合实力的一项重要指标。以武汉市和郑州市2个特大城市为研究区,基于2020年的POI数据集、人口密度和夜间灯光遥感等数据,利用核密度分析和地理探测器,探究特大城市消费活力的空间异质性,对比分析不同城市消费活力的主要驱动因素。研究结果表明:(1)武汉市城市消费活力表现出中心区域消费活力单核高度集中化的空间分布格局,而郑州市城市消费活力则表现出多个区域中心消费活力的多核集中化。(2)宏观经济条件对武汉市和郑州市城市消费活力的影响程度均强于公共服务能力和交通服务能力。影响武汉市和郑州市城市消费活力最大驱动因子分别为人口密度和夜间灯光,其q值分别为0.9464和0.9425。(3)交互作用探测表明,武汉市与郑州市的双因子交互作用均表现为双因子增强或非线性增强,其中,人口密度∩夜间灯光对武汉市与郑州市的城市消费活力影响力的q值均最高,分别为0.9790和0.9793。通过核密度分析和地理探测器可以揭示不同城市消费活力的空间异质性并探究影响不同城市消费活力的驱动因子,研究结果能够为城市基础设施布局和建设规划提供决策参考。

Urban consumption vitality is an important indicator to assess the comprehensive capability of a city.This study considers two mega cities,i.e.Wuhan and Zhengzhou,as study areas.Based on the Point of Interest(POI)data,population density data,and light sensing data at night-time in 2020,kernel density analysis and geographic detector model are used to explore the spatial heterogeneity of consumption vitality in mega cities,and the driving factors of different cities are analyzed by comparison.Experimental results show that:(1)the spatial pattern of urban consumption vitality presents high concentration of single core in the central urban area in Wuhan,but with high concentration of multi-core in different regions in Zhengzhou;(2)the impact of macroeconomic conditions on urban consumption vitality is stronger than that of public service capacity and transportation service capacity both in Wuhan and Zhengzhou;population density and night-time light are important factors affecting urban consumption vitality in Wuhan and Zhengzhou,respectively,with the q value of 0.9464 and 0.9425;(3)the interaction detection shows that the two-factor interactions in Wuhan and Zhengzhou both exhibit two-factor enhancement or nonlinear enhancement,among which the interaction between population density and night-time light shows great impacts on urban consumption vitality both in Wuhan and Zhengzhou with q value of 0.9790 and 0.9793,respectively.Through kernel density analysis and geographic detector,this study reveals the spatial heterogeneity of consumption vitality in different cities and investigates the driving factors of consumption vitality in different cities.The investigating results provide a reference for decision-making in urban infrastructure distribution and construction planning.