芹菜雄性不育的创制及线粒体不育候选基因鉴定

Creation of A Male Sterility Line and Identification of Its Candidate Mitochondrial Male Sterile Gene in Celery

芹菜花小、花多及花发育不一致,以及种子小等特点,限制了芹菜杂交育种及制种。为此,创制雄性不育性彻底的不育材料,对于芹菜遗传育种及制种具有积极意义。本研究以津南实芹为材料,于2017年利用辐射诱变的方法,获得一份芹菜雄性不育材料(命名为:QCBU-001)。通过多年田间研究表明,QCBU-001花药彻底肉质化,无法形成花粉,能够自由接收外来花粉,形成种子。杂交试验表明,QCBU-001杂交种子能够正常发芽生长,杂交优势明显。线粒体基因组分析表明,QCBU-001线粒体基因组长度为260,872 bp,含有52个mRNA,21个tRNA和7个rRNA。进一步与NCBI上公布的不育芹菜材料W99A和可育材料W99B线粒体基因组比对,以及设计引物对津南实芹线粒体基因克隆均表明了QCBU-001是由Cox 1发生突变导致其不育。为此,QCBU-001为芹菜CMS雄性不育材料,可用于芹菜杂交育种和制种中。

Celery flowers,with the characteristics of small organ,many flowers,and in-consistent flowering time and small seeds,are considered as limits in cross breeding and seed production. Thus,creation of complete male sterile materials might bring the positive significance in celery genetic breeding and seed production market.In this study,the celery genotype Jinnan Shiqin was mutagenized by radiation mutation in 2017,and a male sterile material(named:QCBU-001)was identified. By conducting the field trails over several years,this genotype of QCBU-001 showed completely male sterile without pollens,and maintained full function to pollinate with foreign pollens and produce seeds. The hybrid results showed that the hybrid seeds of QCBU-001were able to germinate and grow normally,with an obvious hybridization advantage. Sequencing of the mitochondrial genome in QCBU-001 enabled an assembly of 260,872 bp,containing 52 annotated mRNAs,21 tRNAs and 7 rRNAs. The sequence analysis in released sequences of the celery sterile material W99A and fertile material W99B,as well as the mitochondrial gene cloned from Jinan Shiqin revealed that QCBU-001 sterility was caused by Cox 1 mutation.Therefore,QCBU-001 is CMS male sterile material of celery,which can be used in celery cross breeding and seed production.