近10年早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎文献计量分析

Bibliometric analysis of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants in recent 10 years

目的分析早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)的研究热点及发展趋势,为该领域后续研究提供借鉴和参考。方法检索2012~2021年PubMed数据库收录的早产儿NEC相关文献,使用BICOMB软件提取关键词,构建词篇矩阵,利用SPSS 26.0统计软件对高频主题词进行趋势性χ^(2)检验。结果共纳入文献2339篇,早产儿NEC相关文献热点包括4个方面:早产儿喂养方式与NEC的关联研究;早产儿NEC的预防;早产儿NEC的流行病学研究;早产儿NEC的病因、诊断及治疗。趋势性χ^(2)检验显示,高频主题词“极低出生体重儿”的出现频率逐年下降(P<0.001),“NEC/流行病学研究”和“超早产儿”的出现频率逐年上升(P<0.05)。结论早产儿NEC研究快速发展,热点主要集中于NEC的影响因素和预后研究,如何预防NEC仍有待深入研究。

Objective To compare and analyze the hotspot and development trend of necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)in preterm infants,and to provide reference for the follow-up research in this field.Methods The literatures related to NEC in preterm infants included in PubMed database from 2012 to 2021 was retrieved.Keywords were extracted by BICOMB software,and the word-article matrix was constructed.SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to carry out the trendχ^(2) test for high-frequency keywords.Results A total of 2339 literatures were detected,including 4 categories,including association between feeding pattern and NEC in preterm infants;prevention;epidemiology;etiology,diagnosis and treatment of NEC in preterm infants.The trendχ^(2) test showed that high frequency key words“infant,very low birth weight”showed a significant decreasing trend(P<0.001),while other study hot topics of“enterocolitis,necrotizing/epidemiology”and“infant,extremely premature”showed a significant increasing trend(P<0.05).Conclusion The NEC research in preterm infants is developing rapidly.As long as the focus is on the study of influencing factors and prognosis of NEC,how to prevent NEC remains to be further studied.