滑动式文物隔震支座性能试验及设计方法

Performance Test and Design Method of Sliding Isolation Bearing for Museum Collections

每一次地震都会对馆藏文物造成巨大的威胁。为避免地震对博物馆文物造成不可估量的损害,研制了一种滑动式文物隔震支座。利用水平振动台对多条地震波激励下的滑动式文物隔震支座进行隔震性能试验,并检验隔震支座隔震效果。然后,建立滑动式文物隔震支座–展柜体系的有限元模型进行地震响应分析,并与试验结果对比,验证有限元模型的有效性;利用有限元模型探究隔震支座滑轨摩擦系数和隔震支座上覆展柜质量对隔震支座隔震性能的影响。最后,提出一种滑动式文物隔震支座的设计方法,并以实际展柜为例,对所提设计方法的有效性进行验证。结果表明:本滑动式文物隔震支座具有良好的隔震性能,隔震支座的隔震率随着输入的地震波峰值加速度的增加而增加;在相同峰值加速度条件下,隔震支座的隔震率随着地震波卓越频率的增加而增加;改变滑动式文物隔震支座的滑轨摩擦系数或上覆展柜质量并不会影响滑动式文物隔震支座最佳周期,较低的滑轨摩擦系数更有利于提高隔震系统的隔震性能;上覆展柜质量的变化对展台面加速度及滑动式文物隔震支座位移响应的影响较小。滑动式文物隔震支座能有效减小文物的地震响应,保护博物馆内展陈文物的安全,所提出的设计方法可为实际馆藏文物防震需求提供指导。

Every earthquake will pose a great threat to the collections housed in museums.To avoid the immeasurable damage caused by earthquakes,a sliding seismic isolation bearing for museum collections was developed to meet the urgent need for seismic safety for the objects housed in the museum.The isolation performance test of the sliding isolation bearing excited by multiple seismic motions was carried out on a shaking table to verify its seismic isolation effect.Then the finite element model of the sliding isolation bearing-showcase system was established and compared with the test results to verify the validity of the finite element model.Furthermore,the influence of the friction coefficient of the sliding rail of the bearing and the quality of the showcase on its seismic performance was investigated.Finally,a design method of the sliding isolation bearing for museum collections was proposed,and the effectiveness of the proposed design method was verified by taking a practical showcase as an example.The results showed that the sliding isolation bearing had good isolation performance,and its isolation rate increased with the increase of the peak acceleration of the input motions.Under the input motion action with the same peak acceleration,the isolation rate increased with the increase of the dominant frequency of the input motion.Changing the friction coefficient of the sliding rail or the quality of the showcase did not affect the optimal period design of the sliding isolation bearing,but the lower friction coefficient was more conducive to the realization of the isola-tion performance of the system.The mass change of the showcase had little influence on the acceleration response of the bearing surface and the displacement response of the sliding isolation bearing.The sliding isolation bearings could effectively reduce the seismic response of museum col-lections and protect the safety of the artifacts exhibited in the museum.The design method proposed in this study can provide guidance for the ac-tual requirements of seismic protection of museum collections.