结构物入水砰击过程求解方法对比研究

Comparative study on solution method of water-entry slamming process of the structure

航天器水上回收、两栖飞机水上降落、高海况下船舶航行等过程中均涉及结构的入水过程,入水过程的砰击现象一直是上述工程项目研制过程中的重点和热点基础研究之一。对求解结构入水砰击的3种技术途径(数值、仿真、试验)进行综合研究,介绍了3种方法的基本原理及工程实现方法并证明了其适用性,分别对楔形体结构自由入水砰击问题进行求解并进行对比分析,给出了楔形体上物面压力分布特点、典型测点处的砰击压力时历特征、入水过程中结构加速度特性及液面变化,可为入水结构设计、载荷条件制定、入水参数选取提供参考。

The water entry process of structure is involved in the process of spacecraft water recovery,amphibious aircraft water landing and ship navigation in high sea conditions.The slamming phenomenon in water entry process has always been one of key and hot basic studies in the development process of the above engineering projects.In this paper,three typical methods(numerical method,simulation method and test method)for solving the water entry slamming problem of structures are studied.The basic principles and engineering implementation methods of the three methods are introduced and their applicability is proved.Free-drop water entry slamming problem of wedge structures is solved and compared.The distribution characteristics of surface pressure on wedges,the time history characteristics of slamming pressure at typical measuring points,the structural acceleration characteristics and free surface changes during water entry are given.It has certain reference significance for the design of water entry structures,the formulation of load conditions and the selection of water entry parameters.