不同光质对灵武长枣生长与光合特性的影响

Effect of light quality on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of ‘Lingwuchangzao’

【目的】为灵武长枣设施栽培提供参考。【方法】以设施栽培环境下6年生灵武长枣截干后容器栽植2 a的植株为研究对象,采用单因素随机区组试验设计,设置红光(R)、蓝光(B)、红蓝组合光(1R2B)、红蓝组合光(2R1B)、红蓝组合光(3R1B)、白光(W)6种光质进行阶段补光处理,以不补光为对照(CK),每天5:00—8:00和18:30—21:30进行补光,测定不同处理下设施灵武长枣植株生长、叶绿素荧光参数及光合特性指标,探究补充不同光质处理对设施灵武长枣植株生长、光合特性的影响。【结果】补充不同光质对设施灵武长枣植株生长和光合特性均有促进作用。其中:红蓝组合光(3R1B)处理下设施灵武长枣的枣吊长生长量、枣吊粗生长量和叶面积分别较对照高118.0%、127.0%和44.5%;红光处理下的初始荧光值、最大荧光值均最高,红蓝组合光处理能够提高设施灵武长枣的最大光能转换效率、光合量子产额、表观电子传递速率、光化学猝灭系数等;红蓝组合光(3R1B)处理和蓝光处理下,设施灵武长枣的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度最大,且红蓝组合光(3R1B)处理下的水分利用率较高。【结论】在设施栽培环境下,红蓝组合光(3R1B)处理促进灵武长枣营养生长和光合作用增强的效果显著。

【Objective】To provide guidance and reference for facility cultivation of ‘Lingwuchangzao’.【Method】Taking ‘Lingwuchangzao’ as experimental materials, which had been grown for 2 years in containers after the six-year-old plants were cut off canopy in facility cultivation environment, and the single-factor randomized block experiment design was used. The six light qualities of red light(R), blue light(B), red-blue combined light(1R2B), red-blue combined light(2R1B), red-blue combined light(3R1B) and white light(W) were set for light supplemental treatments, and no light supplement was taken as the control(CK) group. Light supplementation was conducted at 5:00-8:00 in the morning and 18:30-21:30 in the evening during the jujube plants’ fruit development stage. The growth, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic characteristics of ‘Lingwuchangzao’ plants under different treatments were measured to explore the effects of different light quality supplementation treatments on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of ‘Lingwuchangzao’ plants.【Result】The growth and photosynthetic characteristics of ‘Lingwuchangzao’ were promoted by different light quality supplementation. The net growth of bearing shoot length and diameter, and leaf area of ‘Lingwuchangzao’ under red-blue combined light(3R1B) treatment were 118.0%, 127% and 44.5% higher than that of the control group respectively. The initial fluorescence and maximum fluorescence values were the highest under red light treatment, while the maximum light energy conversion efficiency, photosynthetic quantum yield, apparent electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching coefficient of ‘Lingwuchangzao’ were improved by red-blue combined light treatment. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of ‘Lingwuchangzao’ were the highest under red-blue light(3R1B) and blue light, and the water use efficiency was also higher under red-blue light(3R1B)treatment.【Conclusion】In the facility culture environment, red and blue combined light(3R1B) treatment improved significantly the nutritional growth and photosynthesis of ‘Lingwuchangzao’.