IBA浓度及培覆基质对平欧榛嫩枝直立压条育苗的影响

Effects of different IBA concentrations and culture matrix on vertical layering seedling of Corylus heterophylla × C. avellana

【目的】为培育根壮苗大优良平欧榛单株材料提供参考。【方法】以树龄5 a处于盛果期的平欧榛1号(‘达维’)品种为母株,通过整形修剪促萌,选择母枝当年生基生枝进行直立压条生根试验,设置5种IBA浓度和4种培覆基质的组合处理。培育138 d后,调查各处理中榛苗的生根率、生根指数、根系发育和地上部生长指标,并运用主成分分析法对其繁殖效果进行综合评价。【结果】未经IBA处理的各培覆基质处理的直立压条苗的生根率为0,经IBA处理的直立压条苗的生根率达60.86%以上。不同IBA和培覆基质处理对根系发育及榛苗生长均有一定的影响。各处理组合对生根率、根系构型、根系生长、榛苗根冠比及植株总生物量的影响均存在显著差异(P <0.05),N3处理(IBA质量浓度1 500 mg/L,泥炭土+珍珠岩+蛭石体积比1∶1∶1)的生根率和生根指数最高,根系发育状况最好,植株根冠比和总生物量也显著高于其他处理。该处理下生根率为92.45%,生根指数为596.84 cm,根系范围最广,根分布的密集程度最大,平均根数25.70,平均根长25.12 cm,总根投影面积382.04 cm^(2),根表面积1 162.88 cm^(2),总根体积14.07 cm^(3),根生物量34.96 g,植株根冠比57.72%,总生物量95.53 g。【结论】综合考虑生根和榛苗生长发育状况,建议在生产实践中采用N3(IBA质量浓度1 500 mg/L,泥炭土+珍珠岩+蛭石体积比1∶1∶1)处理进行平欧榛嫩枝直立压条育苗。

【Objective】To provide reference for the cultivation of single plant material of Corylus heterophylla × C.avellana big seedlings with strong roots.【Method】The mother plant of ‘Pingou 1 hao(Dawei)’ aged 5 years and in full fruiting stage, was pruned to promote the germination of the mother branch. The regenerated basal branch of the mother plant was selected for vertical layering test, and the combination treatment of 5 IBA concentrations and 4 substrates was set. After 138 days of cultivation, the rooting rate, rooting index, root development and shoot growth indexes of the seedlings of C. heterophylla × C. avellana were investigated, and the reproductive effect of the seedlings was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis.【Result】The rooting rate of upright twigs that were treated with matrix but not treated with IBA was zero. The rooting rate of upright twigs treated by IBA was more than 60.86%.Different IBA and culture matrix treatments had a certain effect on root development and seedling growth. The different treatment combinations of IBA and matrix had significant effect on rooting, root configuration, root growth, root-to-crown ratio and total plant biomass(P < 0.05). Under N3 treatment, the rooting rate(up to 92.45%) and the rooting index(596.84 cm) were the highest, the root distribution was widest and the most intensive, the average number of roots(25.70)and root length(25.12 cm), the total root projection area(382.04 cm^(2)), root surface area(1162.88 cm^(2)), total root volume(14.07 cm^(3)), root biomass(34.96 g) were all the largest. Plant root-to-crown ratio(57.72%) and total biomass(95.53 g)were also significantly higher than other treatments.【Conclusion】Considering the growth of rooting and seedlings comprehensively, it was recommended to use N3 treatment combination of 1 500 mg/L IBA + peat soil ∶ perlite ∶ vermiculite = 1∶1∶1 cultivate matrix to carry out the upright layered twigs propagation and breeding of C. heterophylla ×C. avellanain production practice.