面向激光探测的精密光机系统研制及应用

Development and application of precision optical system for laser detection

面向激光探测需求,创建了涵盖“光学设计-结构设计-元件制造-装调集成-性能评价和应用”的精密光机系统全环节研发平台。发展了“光学设计-结构设计-力热学设计”高效耦合的综合设计方法,建立了基于光机误差分解的精密装配集成方法,形成了透射光学系统定心装调、反射光学系统的高精度集成装配流程和技术,配备了光学系统波前和成像性能检测仪器,支撑了多种复杂功能的精密光机系统的研制。本文全面梳理了同济大学面向激光探测需求的精密光机系统和仪器研制方面的科研工作,针对我国“星光Ⅲ”强激光装置的探测需求,研制了首套联合视频合成孔径雷达和扫描光学高温计的主被动复合诊断装置和辐射高温光学测量系统,共同为“星光Ⅲ”开展超高压物态方程实验提供了技术支撑与诊断测试手段。面向海环境下目标与环境激光散射特性的测量需求,研制了发散光激光雷达散射截面测量装置和双功能平行光LRCS激光测量装置,实现了模拟海环境下标准散射体与海环境的激光散射特性的精确测量,为超低空激光雷达研制提供了数学模型和实验数据。

To meet the requirements of laser detection,Tongji University established a full link R & D platform for a precision opto-mechanical system encompassing optical design,structural design,component manufacturing,assembly and adjustment integration,performance evaluation and application after more than ten years of construction. For the development of complex optical and mechanical systems,an efficient coupling comprehensive design method of optical,structural,and thermomechanical design has been developed,a precision assembly integration method based on optical and mechanical error decomposition has been established,a high-precision integrated assembly process and technology for the centering and adjustment of transmission optical systems and reflection optical systems have been formed,and optical system wavefront and imaging performance testing instruments have been equipped,which supports the development of precision optical and mechanical systems with various complex functions. This study comprehensively reviews research on the development of precision opto-mechanical systems and instruments for laser detection. To meet the detection requirement of China’s XG-Ⅲ strong laser facility,the first active and passive composite diagnostic device combining VISAR and SOP and a radiation high tem-perature optical measurement system are developed,which together provide technical support and diagnostic testing for XG-Ⅲ to conduct the experiment of ultra-high pressure equation of state. To meet the requirements of measuring the laser scattering characteristics of targets and environments in a sea environment,diffused light and dual function parallel light LRCS laser measuring devices,which can accurately measure the laser scattering characteristics of standard scatterers and sea environment in sea environment simulations and provide mathematical models and experimental data for the development of ultra-low altitude lidar,have been developed.