从守规到立规——汉译组构类型考

On Types of Chinese Translation Composition from Following the Rules to Setting the Rules:A Series of Studies on Language and Characters in Chinese

汉译组构过程中可能产生诸多语言现象,可归为小类:成文、成型、成话、像话、新话。根据是否符合汉语规范又可将其划分为犯规与超规两大类。汉译犯规包括成文未成型和成型未成话,汉译要力求守规;汉译超规包括成话不像话和像话非常话,突出体现在超出既有规范而另立新规。处于二者中间地带的组构问题也需重视,处理好守规与立规的矛盾。

Many linguistic phenomena may occur in the process of organizing Chinese translation,and they can be classified into subcategories,i.e.completed translation,understandable translation,effective translation,idiomatic translation,and progressive translation.According to the Chinese standard,they can be classified into two major categories,i.e.against the rules and beyond the rules.Translations against the rules include incomprehensible translation and ineffective translation,but it’s obligatory for the translators to follow the rules of Chinese language.Translations beyond the rules,including unidiomatic translation and progressive translation,are beyond existing Chinese norms and in the pursuit of new rules.Those translations in between need further attention so as to make a balance between following the rules and setting the rules.