日常书写中的黑人民主之路——试论格温朵琳·布鲁克斯的创作

The Road to Black Democracy in Daily Writing: A Tentative Interpretation on Gwendolyn Brooks’s Works

布鲁克斯的《布朗兹维尔的一条街》呈现了黑人群体的日常生活图景和种族生存困境。为了改变黑人艰难的生活处境,获得民主与自由,布鲁克斯进行了一系列的探索。《莫德·玛莎》塑造了一位工人阶级知识分子形象,她热爱阅读,追求精神自由,从未放弃对幸福生活的追寻。在《吃豆子的人》中,作者把眼光转向种族暴力事件,黑人群体诉诸暴力的行为模式体现了黑人对于社会公共权利的诉求,同时也催生了白人内部对于种族歧视的质疑。在《在麦加》中,作者通过帕皮塔之死谴责黑人内部的暴力,在寻找帕皮塔的过程中探索建立“黑人国度”的可能。

A Street in Bronzeville presents the daily life and survival dilemma of black people. Brooks makes a series of attempts to change their hard life situations and achieve their goal of democracy and freedom. Maud Martha portrays a working-class intellectual who loves reading and pursues spiritual freedom. In Bean Eaters, she turns to racial conflicts and violence which show black people’s appeal for public rights in society. Furthermore, it impels some white people to question the reasonableness of racial discrimination. In In the Mecca, Brooks denounces violence inside Black society through the death of Papita. In the process of searching for Papita, she begins to explore the possibility of building a “black nation”.