空间太阳电池柔性封装材料与技术研究进展

Research Process of Flexible Encapsulation Materials and Technology for Space Solar Cells

基于深空探测、空间电站以及商业航天、微纳卫星、长航时临近空间飞行等任务需求,高效率、轻量化、柔性化、高可靠性是未来空间太阳电池阵发展的主题。太阳电池阵由传统的刚性电池阵、半刚性电池阵向柔性电池阵发展。航天器在轨服役过程中需遭受带电粒子辐射、紫外辐射、原子氧等空间环境,因此需在电池表面封装防护层以减缓电池性能退化。作为太阳电池辐射屏蔽层,盖片的辐射防护性能、光学性能、力学性能是保证电池长期在轨高效稳定运行的核心要素。本文总结了近年来聚硅氧烷、透明聚酰亚胺、赝形玻璃盖片等太阳电池柔性封装材料研究进展,归纳了相关的空间环境模拟试验与在轨暴露试验结果,最后针对太阳电池柔性封装材料与技术的发展及应用进行了探讨展望。

Based on the mission requirements of deep space exploration, space power stations, commercial aerospace, micro-nano satellites and long-endurance near-space flight, high efficiency, light weight, flexibility and high reliability are the development themes of space solar array. Solar arrays are developed from traditional rigid array and semi-rigid array to fully flexible array. The spacecraft needs to be exposed to charged particle radiation, ultraviolet radiation and atomic oxygen environment during in-orbit service. Therefore, it is necessary to encapsulate a protective layer on the surface of solar cell to slow down the degradation. As the radiation shielding layer for solar cells, the radiation protection, optical and mechanical properties of cover sheet are the most important. In this paper, the research progress of flexible packaging materials for solar cells, such as polysilsesquioxane, transparent polyimide and pseudomorphic glass were summarized. And the relevant space environment simulation test and in-orbit exposure results were also discussed. Finally, the development and application of flexible packaging materials and techno-logies for solar cells were prospected.