氨硼烷水解制氢催化剂及其限域载体的形貌可控合成研究进展

Research Progress of Shape-controlled Synthesis of Catalysts and Domain Limited Supports for Ammonia Borane Dehydrogenation

氨硼烷具有高储氢含量(19.6%,质量分数),在普通贮存条件下稳定,被认为是最具有潜力的储氢材料之一。氨硼烷在常温下不易放氢,金属催化剂可显著提高水解放氢速度,是影响氨硼烷水解放氢的关键因素,然而金属催化剂纳米颗粒易氧化、易团聚,使用载体可使催化剂金属纳米颗粒分散于载体表面或孔道内部,防止氧化和团聚。催化剂及其载体的整体形貌很大程度决定了催化剂的比表面积、催化剂活性颗粒分布状态,从而影响了反应活性位点的数量及分布状态,对氨硼烷水解催化活性和催化剂的使用寿命具有重要影响,因此本文对氨硼烷水解催化剂及其限域载体的整体形貌按空间维度进行分类归纳,并对其可控合成方法和其对氨硼烷水解催化效果进行综述。

Ammonia borane(AB) has been considered as one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials due to its high hydrogen-storage content(19.6 wt%) and stability under ordinary storage conditions. Catalyst is the core technology which can significantly increase the rate of dehydroge-nation of AB as ammonia borane is not easy to release hydrogen at room temperature without catalysts. However, metal catalyst particles are generally easy to be oxidized and agglomerate. In order to overcome this problem, a variety of supports have been chosen to disperse the catalyst on their surface or in their pores to suppress the agglomeration and oxidation. The overall morphology of the catalysts and their support greatly determines the specific surface area of the catalyst and distribution of catalyst active particles, thereby affecting the number and distribution of reactive sites, and has a significant impact on the catalytic activity and the service life of the catalyst. Therefore, this article has classified the overall morphology of catalyst and their support for hydrogen generation of ammonia borane and their support according to spatial dimensions, and haavesummarized their controllable synthesis methods and their catalytic effects on hydrogen generation of ammonia borane.