本真之“情”--“良知”知“是”知“非”的内在机理与其普遍达成探析

Emotion of Authentic--exploration of the internal mechanism and universal realization of how "Conscience" differentiate "right" and "wrong"

阳明“心学”结穴为“致良知”。如何理解“良知”成为契入阳明“心学”奥义的机枢所在。学界多从西方哲学“先验”“本体”范畴出发诠释“良知”,本文则回到中国哲学自身的语境——孝悌,指出“良知”的基质为本真之“情”。本真之“情”不仅能以“好”“恶”判断“是”“非”,还能将所判断之“是”“非”导向是其所“是”、非其所“非”。至于对出于一己“好”“恶”之“是”“非”能否达成道德准则所需普遍的质疑,本文指出本真之“情”的本真性保证着一己之“好”“恶”同样具有道德准则所需的普遍。职是之故,一己之“好”“恶”亦能够担当道德准则之重任。

Wang Yangming's mind theory comes down to"The Extension Of Innate Knowledgew".How to understand"conscience"has become the key to know the profound meaning of Wang Yangming's mind theory.Most scholars interpret"conscience" from the"priori" and "noumenon" of western philosophy.However,this study points out that the essence of"conscience" is the Emotion of Authentic through virtue of filial piety.Under the guidance of the naturalness,the Emotion of Authentic can judge"right" and "wrong" with "good" and "evil",but also guide the judged "right" and "wrong"to what it is and what it is not.As for the universal question whether the"right" and "wrong" out of one's "good" and "evil" can achieve the moral code,this study points out that the authenticity of the Emotion of Authentic ensures that one's "good" and "evil" also have the universality required by the moral code.Therefore,one's "good" and "evil" can also shoulder the important task of moral code.