论焦循对“以意逆志”的诠释及其当代意义

On Jiao Xun's Interpretation of"Speculating Other's Intention with His Own Idea"and Its Contemporary Significance

焦循从文本性与历史性两个维度诠释“以意逆志”。他通过文本性解释辨、析相关字词,关注到“意”“词”“辞”等字的语义内涵及解释方法上的语言学路径。同时,也关注到“知人论世”在文本性解释中起到的历史性解释作用。在焦循这里,两种解释都以经典本身为基准,“经典文本本位”获得了诠释中的本体论基础,并区别于代表着诠释主体意志的“己之意”。这种思维对当代中国经典诠释学研究有着重要的启示。

Jiao Xun interpreted the phrase of "Speculating Other's Intention with His Own Idea"from two dimensions:textuality and historicity.Through a textual interpretation of relative words,he noticed the connotations of words like"will","word"and"diction"and the linguistic path of the interpretation method.At the same time,he also found out that the textual interpretation of"the knowledge of a man helps the study of his time"is also a historical interpretation.For Jiao Xun,both interpretations are based on the classics themselves,and the"classical textuality"has gained an ontological basis in interpretation,and is different from the"idea of oneself",which represents the will of the interpreting subject.This kind of thinking is of important implications for contemporary Chinese classical hermeneutics research.