低燃速压力指数做功类火工药剂研究

Study on Working Pyrotechnics with Low Pressure Exponent

以降低做功类火工药剂斯蒂芬酸钡(BaTNR)的燃速压力指数为主要研究目的,利用氧平衡和热力学计算设计了BaTNR和高氯酸铵(AP)作为药剂的基础组分,制备了流散性更好的羧甲基纤维素改性BaTNR(C-BaTNR),基于催化反应原理开展了降低药剂燃速压力指数研究。采用热分析方法研究了药剂的放热反应特性,利用密闭爆发器定容燃烧试验装置开展了药剂的燃烧性能试验研究。研究结果表明:在C-BaTNR中添加AP后,药剂的放热反应滞后、放热量减小,有利于减小其燃速压力指数;添加硬脂酸铅(St-Pb)能够有效抑制C-BaTNR/AP放热反应的进行,因此显著降低了药剂的燃速压力指数。当压力为1~12 MPa时,添加St-Pb的C-BaTNR/AP的压力上升时间为7.47 ms,燃速压力指数为0.51。

On the purpose of reducing the pressure exponent of Barium stephanate(BaTNR),BaTNR and ammonium perchlorate(AP)were chosen as the basic compositions by oxygen equilibrium and thermodynamic calculation in the paper.Carboxymethyl cellulose-modified BaTNR(C-BaTNR)with better fluidity was prepared.The study on reducing the pressure exponent of the pyrotechnic compositions was conducted based on the principle of catalytic reaction.The exothermic reaction characteristics of the compositions were studied by thermal analysis.The combustion performances of the compositions were studied by using the constant volume combustion test device of closed bomb.The results show that the addition of AP in C-BaTNR can delay the exothermic reactions and reduce the heat releases,which is beneficial to reduce the pressure exponent.The addition of lead stearate(St-Pb)in C-BatNR/AP can effectively inhibit the exothermic reaction and thus significantly reduce the pressure exponent.While the pressure was 1~12 MPa,the pressure rise time of C-BATNR/AP added with St-Pb 7.47 ms,and the pressure exponent is 0.51.